A Review of Phosphorous in Fluvial Floodplains: Source or Sink?

Abstract

Fluvial floodplains are water-land transitional zones, playing an important role in hydrological and ecological systems. To date, the phosphorus migration and transformation in floodplain sediments remain elusive, which poses a large effect on river nutrient levels and primary productivity. This review summarized the sedimentary characteristics of floodplains and analyzed the spatial differences and temporal variations in phosphorus distribution. We further analyzed their potential change in floodplains under various conditions, determining the sedimentation and mineralization process of phosphorus. Meanwhile, phosphorus in the sediment will experience dynamic fluctuation as a source or sink of fluvial floodplains based on varying factors, including hydrological conditions, climate variations, biological activity, and pedological characteristics. In particular, the productivity and community population in floodplains, like vegetation and fishes, will be primarily associated with the periodic changes in phosphorus through food chain. Lastly, this review provided corresponding perspectives on improving the phosphorus administration in river floodplains based on existing problems. In total, it is anticipated that it will enhance the understanding of phosphorus resources or sink in the fluvial floodplains, contributing to the stability of aquatic ecosystems.

Keywords

Phosphorus / Fluvial floodplains / Release / Ecological effect / Periodic change

Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful to Guowei Liu, Tingting Hu, who provided the references support.

Author Contributions

Conceptualization, J.L. and X.L.; Methodology, J.L. and Y.Y.; Software, J.L.; Validation, J.L. and Y.Y.; Formal Analysis, J.L.; Investigation, J.L.; Resources, J.L.; Data Curation, J.L.; Writing—Original Draft Preparation, J.L.; Writing—Review & Editing, X.L.; Visualization, M.L.; Supervision, X.L.; Project Administration, X.L.; Funding Acquisition, X.L.

Ethics Statement

Not applicable.

Informed Consent Statement

Not applicable.

Data Availability Statement

All data used in the study are available on public websites, and the links are provided in the data section of the manuscripts.

Funding

This study was supported by the National Natural Science Fund of China, the Ministry of Water Resources of the People’s Republic of China, and the China Three Gorges Corporation (U2240213).

Declaration of Competing Interest

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

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