Evolving patterns of agricultural production space in China: A network-based approach

Abstract

The agricultural production space, as where and how much each agricultural product grows, plays a vital role in meeting the increasing and diverse food demands. Previous studies on agricultural production patterns have predominantly centered on individual or specific crop types, using methods such as remote sensing or statistical metrological analysis. In this study, we characterize the agricultural production space (APS) by bipartite network connecting agricultural products and provinces, to reveal the relatedness between diverse agricultural products and the spatiotemporal characteristic of provincial production capabilities in China. The results show that core products are cereal, pork, melon, and pome fruit; meanwhile the milk, grape, and fiber crop show an upward trend in centrality, which is in line with diet structure changes in China over the past decades. The little changes in community components and structures of agricultural products and provinces reveal that agricultural production patterns in China are relatively stable. Additionally, identified provincial communities closely resemble China’s agricultural natural zones. Furthermore, the observed growth in production capabilities in North and Northeast China implies their potential focus areas for future agricultural production. Despite the superior production capabilities of southern provinces, recent years have witnessed a notable decline, warranting special attentions. The findings provide a comprehensive perspective for understanding the complex relationship of agricultural products’ relatedness, production capabilities and production patterns, which serve as a reference for the agricultural spatial optimization and agricultural sustainable development.

Keywords

Agricultural system / Complex network / Agricultural production space / Proximity matrix / Production capability

Declaration of Competing Interests

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

Acknowledgements

We are grateful to Prof. Ying Fan, who generously provided constructive and scientific suggestions for the framework. This work was supported by the Institute of Atmospheric Environment, China Meteorological Administration, Shenyang (Grant No. 2021SYIAEKFMS27), Key Laboratory of Farm Building in Structure and Construction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, P. R. China (Grant No. 202003), and the National Foundation of China Scholarship Council (Grant No. 202206040102).

Supplementary materials

Supplementary material associated with this article can be found, in the online version, at doi:10.1016/j.geosus.2023.11.007.

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