Between food fulfillment and income: Can urban agriculture contribute to both?

Abstract

Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) is appealing for a global implementation of urban agricultural strategies to increase food availability. Bandung, a city in Indonesia, is already participating in this initiative. This research aimed to assess the contribution of urban agriculture toward household food fulfillment and income. Furthermore, the impacts on urban, subsistence, semi-commercial, and commercial agriculture were considered. In-depth interviews to obtain qualitative data and observations were also utilized. A survey of 321 households, consisting of 107 for each urban agricultural type, used questionnaires to obtain quantitative data. These inputs were further analyzed to determine the contribution of household food fulfillment and income. The results showed that average urban agriculture has an insignificant and significant contribution of 9% and 41.5% to household food fulfillment and income. This was due to the vast complexities of metropolitan problems, including limited access to land, lack of participation, dependence on on-market products, and increasing commercialization which opposed urban agricultural policies.

Keywords

Urban agriculture / Food fulfillment / Income

Ethical statement

We have not yet managed ethical clearance permits issued by the ethics commission, but this social research has complied with local regulations. We have got permits and approvals for conducting research from Government Institutions in Indonesia which hold the authority in granting permits for social research that takes human subjects, namely the National Unity and Politics Agency in West Java Province. All steps of this research were carried out following the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki on the investigation of human subjects. We really respect the principles of human rights and the privacy of respondents. We carried our research out based on the consent and willingness of all respondents; they were given the freedom to refuse if they did not agree to be part of our research.

Declaration of Competing Interests

The authors declare that there are no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that influenced the work reported in this paper.

Acknowledgements

This study was Funded by an internal grant for the Academic Leadership Grant of Universitas Padjadjaran awards numbers 1427/UN6.3.1/LT/2020 and 1959/UN6.3.1/PT.00/2021. The authors are thankful to Prof. Dr. Rina Indiastuti, M.SIE., the Rector of Universitas Padjadjaran, Prof. Rizky Abdullah, S.Si., Apt., Ph.D., the Chair of Directorate Research and Community Service Universitas Padjadjaran, Dr. R. Widya Setiabudi Sumadinata, S.IP., M. T., The Dean, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, as well as Prof. Parikesit, the Chair of the Center for Environment and Sustainability Science (CESS) Universitas Padjadjaran, and to the societies across the research area, informants, respondents, as well as the Department of Agriculture in all districts and cities throughout Bandung Metropolitan, West Java Province. The authors are also grateful to Indri and Merry for facilitating the research process.

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