CLUE-S model based on GIS applied to management strategies of territory with oil wells—Case study: Santa Elena, Ecuador

Abstract

Some cities worldwide have oil wells directly affecting the management of the territory. For example, La Libertad and Salinas districts contain 467 oil wells in urban areas representing a major land-use planning challenge. The objective is to apply the CLUE-S land use model in coastal cities with oil wells (Salinas-La Libertad), using geographic information systems considering environmental and security characteristics for territorial development. The stages of the study are: i) classification and categorisation of oil wells; ii) application of the GIS-CLUE-S method and visualisation of land use dynamics; iii) use the SWOT-TOWS matrix, for the analysis of the situation and the main factors affecting the territory. The results indicate high vulnerability in many urban sectors and those close to the coastline. Furthermore, the CLUE-S analysis shows that the population growth in the urban sector is close to oil well areas, making it a complex pole of human-industry interaction that impacts the management of the territory. This study synthesises three technical aspects: some oil wells do not comply with municipal ordinance regulations; identification of vulnerable zones due to environmental and security factors, which recommends a territorial reordering policy; as well as an education plan for the application of territorial ordering policies, with awareness and sustainability projections.

Keywords

Land use / Vulnerability / Sustainability / GIS / Dinamica EGO

Ethical statement

This study did not require ethical approval. The research conducts following the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki regarding research with human subjects. With the respondents’ consent, participation in the survey was voluntary and anonymous. The data provided treat confidentially.

CRediT authorship contribution statement

Gricelda Herrera-Franco: Conceptualization, Investigation, Methodology, Supervision, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing, Validation, Project administration. Paulo Escandón-Panchana: Data curation, Investigation, Methodology, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing, Validation, Formal analysis, Visualization, Software. F.J. Montalván: Investigation, Methodology, Validation. Andrés Velastegui-Montoya: Data curation, Methodology, Software, Writing - review & editing, Visualization, Validation.

Declaration of Competing Interests

The authors declare that there are no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that influenced the work reported in this paper.

Acknowledgements

Different projects contributed to the development of this research. (1) The project “Geoenvironmental factors of oil wells and their impact on territorial development in the Salinas and La Libertad districts of the Santa Elena Province”, Universidad Estatal Península de Santa Elena, code no: 91870000.0000.385428. (2) Projects of the ESPOL Polytechnic University such as “Registration of geological and mining heritage and its impact on the defence and preservation of geodiversity in Ecuador” with code CIPAT-01-2018.

Supplementary materials

Supplementary material associated with this article can be found, in the online version, at doi: 10.1016/j.geosus.2022.11.001.

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