MutS and MutL sliding clamps in DNA mismatch repair
Xiao-Peng Han , Xiao-Wen Yang , Jiaquan Liu
Genome Instability & Disease ›› 2022, Vol. 4 ›› Issue (1) : 1 -11.
MutS and MutL sliding clamps in DNA mismatch repair
DNA mismatch repair (MMR) corrects mispair nucleotides that arise from polymerase misincorporation. Highly conserved MutS (MSH) and MutL (MLH/PMS) homologs initiate MMR, and in higher eukaryotes act as DNA damage sensors that can trigger apoptosis. The MSH proteins recognize the mismatch nucleotides, whereas the MLH/PMS proteins mediate multiple protein–protein interactions associated with downstream MMR events including strand-specific incision and excision. Remarkably, the mechanics of the MSH and MLH/PMS proteins have been elusive for decades. Here we summarize and discuss recent biophysical studies of core MMR components, especially focusing on the unique conformations of MSH and MLH/PMS proteins that lead to the coordination of multiple repair events.
National Natural Science Foundation of China(32071283)
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