Helicobacter pylori infection induced genome instability and gastric cancer
Xiangyu Liu , Muhammad Irfan , Xingzhi Xu , Chi-Yen Tay , Barry J. Marshall
Genome Instability & Disease ›› 2020, Vol. 1 ›› Issue (3) : 129 -142.
Helicobacter pylori infection induced genome instability and gastric cancer
Genome stability and integrity are constantly challenged by exogenous insults such as bacterial infections. When genome stability is perturbed, oncogenic transformation can ensue. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is a driving factor of gastric cancer, which is the third leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Mechanistically, H. pylori infection drives inflammation and directly or indirectly induces DNA damage such as oxidative damage and double-strand breaks (DSBs) in host cells. In addition, the resulting genetic and/or epigenetic perturbations alter the choice of DNA repair pathways. These changes result in imprecise DNA repair, genomic instability as well as chromosomal aberrations that eventually lead to gastric carcinogenesis. In this review, we summarize the mechanisms how H. pylori infection cause DNA damage and alter the DNA damage response pathways in host cells. We highlight the relationship between H. pylori infection and genomic instability that can lead to gastric cancer and propose a potential strategy to interrupt gastric carcinogenesis.
Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases(2019B030301009)
Discipline Construction Funding of Shenzhen(2016-2019)
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