Medical microbiological diagnosis of sports-accidental infections: promoting global peace, quality health, and entrepreneurship; through One Health approach

Abstract

Most diseases acquired from sporting activities are accidental and often influenced by environmental factors. Neglecting the environment in disease prevention is counterproductive. This was evident during the peak of the COVID-19 pandemic when many sporting activities were halted. Medical laboratory diagnostics, particularly microbiological techniques, detect infectious agents and help contain diseases, thereby fostering a healthy environment for entrepreneurship. Using a One Health approach, this review highlights the dual role of sporting activities in promoting healthy living and facilitating the spread of pathogens. Although sports are widely recognized for enhancing health, the link between microbiology and sports, and their combined roles in promoting global peace, quality health, and entrepreneurship, is not well understood. To address this knowledge gap, the main objective of this review is to examine the relationship between sports-accidental infections and their impact on global peace, health, and entrepreneurship. This review employs a combination of life experiences, observations, and literature analysis, drawing on both qualitative and quantitative data. The findings reveal various types of sports-accidental infections, including gastrointestinal, respiratory, skin, blood-borne, cardiovascular, and neurodegenerative infections. The results indicate that microbial infections significantly impair athletic performance, often necessitating a “return-to-sport” strategy, where athletes must fully recover before resuming sports activities. Sports-accidental infections are also associated with sudden deaths among athletes on the field, negatively affecting health, peace, and entrepreneurship. Microbiology plays a significant role in diagnosing, treating, and managing sports-accidental infections. Through medical laboratory diagnostics, such as microbiological investigations, many pandemics, including COVID-19, have been contained. Identifying infectious agents enables effective preventive measures, helping restore peace and health, and supporting economic activities. The review offers eight recommendations that aim to foster a safer, healthier, and more resilient sports environment, benefitting individual athletes and promoting broader societal goals of health, peace, and economic growth.

Keywords

COVID-19 pandemic / Diagnosis / Global peace / Entrepreneurship / Medical microbiology / Quality health / Promote / Sports-accidental infections

Acknowledgments

We acknowledge all the staff of the College of Health - Yamfo and the staff of the University of Ghana, Korle-Bu Campus, for their unwavering support, which has been instrumental in the development of this manuscript. We would also like to express our appreciation to our consultants, Martinson Nartey, Mr. Twum Welbert Amoani, and Mr. Samuel Delle, for their invaluable guidance. In addition, we extend our gratitude to the numerous researchers whose findings have significantly enriched this paper.

Funding

None.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Author contributions

Conceptualization: Benjamin Niriwa Pulle

Writing - original draft: Benjamin Niriwa Pulle

Writing - review & editing: All authors

Ethical approval and consent to participate

Not applicable.

Consent for publication

Not Applicable.

Availability of data

Data can be requested from the corresponding author.

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