Numerical simulation of the primary breakup of fuel jet with incoming positive velocity gradient

Abstract

To study the breakup process of fuel jets in air crossflow with a positive velocity gradient, the Volume of Fluid (VOF) method and adaptive grid technology are combined to simulate the two-phase flow of gas and liquid. A comparative analysis is conducted on the breakup and corresponding flow characteristics of direct fuel jets under uniform and positive velocity gradient airflow. The simulation results demonstrate that the morphological changes of the fuel column are caused by factors such as gas-liquid shear and asymmetric airflow vortices. The fuel jet undergoes primary breakup, which mainly contains columnar and surface breakup. The columnar breakup is dominated by Rayleigh-Taylor (R-T) instability, while the surface breakup is dominated by Kelvin-Helmholtz (K-H) instability. Compared with uniform flow, the expansion angle in the positive velocity gradient incoming flow increases by an average of 9.2%, and the wavelength of the surface wave increases by an average of 34%.

Keywords

Positive velocity gradient / Crossflow / Primary breakup / Numerical simulation / Vortex

CRediT authorship contribution statement

Tao Zhang: Writing - review & editing, Writing - original draft, Methodology, Investigation, Conceptualization. Weimin Wang: Writing - review & editing, Writing - original draft, Methodology, Investigation, Conceptualization. Zhenghuan Li: Writing - review & editing, Writing - original draft, Methodology, Investigation, Conceptualization. Haijun Zhang: Writing - review & editing, Writing - original draft, Methodology, Investigation, Conceptualization. Haiqiao Wei: Writing - review & editing, Writing - original draft, Methodology, Investigation, Conceptualization. Rundong Li: Writing - review & editing, Writing - original draft, Methodology, Investigation, Conceptualization. Chang Zhai: Writing - review & editing, Writing - original draft, Methodology, Investigation, Conceptualization.

Declaration of competing interest

The authors declare no competing financial interest.

Acknowledgements

This work was supported by National key research and development plan project (Grant No.2023YFC3707300), Special project of National Natural Science Foundation (Grant No. T2341001), Liaoning Revitalization Talents Program (XLYC2008013) and the fundamental research funds for the universities of Liaoning province (NO.20240163). Thanks to the help of the college and the fund, all authors were able to complete this work with high-performance computing services.

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