Calcium looping for CO₂ capture and thermochemical heat storage, a potential technology for carbon neutrality: A review

Abstract

CO₂ emissions have posed numerous global challenges, leading to an increasing consensus on the need for carbon neutrality in future development. CO₂ capture and energy storage technologies represent a critical step in the carbon neutrality journey. Calcium looping (CaL), a promising technology for both CO₂ capture and energy storage, holds significant potential in future carbon neutral technology strategies. In this paper, a comprehensive review of the application of CaL in CO₂ capture and thermochemical heat storage (TCHS) is offered to inform further advancements in this field. Firstly, a brief overview and analysis of the fundamental technical routes and principles underlying of CaL for CO₂ capture and TCHS are provided. Then, the research progress in the development of CaL-integrated systems for CO₂ capture and TCHS is subsequently reviewed, with the existing limitations and outlining future prospects for further development highlighted. Additionally, a comprehensive summary of the proposed improvements in the performance of calcium-based materials is presented, focusing on enhancing carbonation reactivity in the multiple cycles and improving sunlight absorption performance of calcium-based materials. Finally, based on the current status of CaL development, insights and perspectives on potential avenues for further technological advancement are offered. Solar-driven CaL is a promising avenue for future CaL development, calling for greater research efforts on optimizing relevant equipment and enhancing calcium-based materials for sunlight-driven CaL systems. In addition, the CO₂ in-situ conversion in the calcination stage of CaL is also a great potential direction for technological evolution.

Keywords

Calcium looping / CO₂ capture / Thermochemical heat storage / Carbon neutrality

CRediT authorship contribution statement

Youhao Zhang: Investigation, Data Curation, Writing - Original Draft, Visualization. Yuzhuo Wang: Data Curation, Validation, Investigation. Kuihua Han: Resources, Data Curation. Jianli Zhao: Formal analysis. Jun Jie Wu: Resources. Yingjie Li: Conceptualization, Writing - Review & Editing, Supervision, Methodology.

Declaration of competing interest

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

Acknowledgement

This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (52276204).

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