Adsorption of Bisphenol A and 2,6-Dichlorophenol in Water Using Magnetic Phosphogypsum Composite Materials

Abstract

Phenolicpollutants in water bodies pose a huge threat to human health and environmentalsafety. In this paper, a hydrophobicity-enhanced magnetic C-SiO₂/MPG composite wasprepared by a two-step method to remove bisphenol A (BPA)and 2,6-dichlorophenol(2,6-DCP), typical phenolic trace pollutants in livestock wastewater andnatural water bodies. The results of pH gradient experiments showed that C-SiO₂/MPG showed a stable removal effect onBPA in the pH range of 2-11. The adsorption of2,6-DCP by C-SiO₂/MPGpeaked at pH = 2, while the adsorption of 2,6-DCPby C-SiO₂/MPGwas severely inhibited under alkaline conditions. The PSO kinetic model and theLangmuir isotherm model can better describe the adsorption process of BPA and2,6-DCP on C-SiO₂/MPG,indicating that the monolayer chemical adsorption has a rate-controlling step.With the Langmuir equation fitting, the maximum adsorption capacity of C-SiO₂/MPG for BPA and2,6-DCP at 298 K was calculated to be 561.79 mg/g and 531.91 mg/g,respectively. The results of adsorption thermodynamics indicated that theadsorption of BPA and 2,6-DCP on C-SiO₂/MPG was spontaneous, accompanied by aprocess of entropy decrease. C-SiO₂/MPG showed good environmental resistance and repeated usestability for BPA and 2,6-DCP in electrolyte ion interference, actual watersamples and cycle experiments. Mechanism analysis showed that the adsorption ofBPA and 2,6-DCP on C-SiO₂/MPGwas mainly controlled by hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions. Thisstudy designed an efficient adsorbent for phenolic pollutants that can be usedin actual wastewater and broadened the resource utilization of industrial wastephosphogypsm.

Keywords

Phosphogypsum / Magnetic nanoparticles / Hydrophobic alkyl chains / Adsorption / Phenolicpollutants / Water pollution

Acknowledgments

Financial support from Hubei Three Gorges Laboratory through grant No. SK211007 is acknowledged.

Author Contributions

Conceptualization, Q.Z. and D.L.; Methodology, M.L. and J.J.; Validation, M.L. and J.J.; Formal Analysis, R.C., J.Y., M.L. and D.L.; Investigation, M.L. and J.J.; Writing—Original Draft Preparation, J.J.; Writing—Review & Editing, Q.Z.; Supervision, D.L. and Q.Z.

Ethics Statement

Not applicable.

Informed Consent Statement

Not applicable.

Funding

This study is supported by Hubei Three Gorges Laboratory through grant No. SK211007, the Joint Funds of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (U24A2094), the Joint Funds for Innovation and Development of Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province (2024AFD138) and the Open and Innovation Fund of Hubei Three Gorges Laboratory (SK240009).

Declaration of Competing Interest

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

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