XL-MIMO channel measurement, characterization, and modeling for 6G: a survey

Pan TANG; Jianhua ZHANG; Haiyang MIAO; Qi WEI; Weirang ZUO; Lei TIAN; Tao JIANG; Guangyi LIU

doi:10.1631/FITEE.2400140

Front. Inform. Technol. Electron. Eng ›› 2024, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (12) : 1627 -1650. DOI: 10.1631/FITEE.2400140

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XL-MIMO channel measurement, characterization, and modeling for 6G: a survey

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Abstract

Extremely-large-scale multiple-input multiple-output (XL-MIMO) technology, offering vast spatial degrees of freedom by deploying a huge number of antennas, is a promising enabling technology to empower sixth-generation mobile networks (6G). The XL-MIMO channel model is a prerequisite of XL-MIMO technology optimization, system design, and performance evaluation. In this paper, we provide an overview of challenges and ongoing research in XL-MIMO channel measurement, characterization, and modeling. In particular, characterizing and modeling near-field effects and spatial non-stationarity (SnS) are discussed. Also, the channel modeling methods that can describe these new channel characteristics are surveyed. Furthermore, open issues in XL-MIMO channel measurement, characterization, and modeling are presented to give insights into future XL-MIMO channel research.

Keywords

6G / XL-MIMO / Near-field / Channel measurement / Channel modeling

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Pan TANG, Jianhua ZHANG, Haiyang MIAO, Qi WEI, Weirang ZUO, Lei TIAN, Tao JIANG, Guangyi LIU. XL-MIMO channel measurement, characterization, and modeling for 6G: a survey. Front. Inform. Technol. Electron. Eng, 2024, 25(12): 1627-1650 DOI:10.1631/FITEE.2400140