The balancing act of AKT in T cells

Abstract

The serine/threonine-specific protein kinase AKT is gaining recognition as a major crossroad in numerous cellular signaling pathways through its ability to regulate cell differentiation, proliferation, survival and metabolism. This review focuses on the recent advances in AKT signaling and downstream events in T cells, emphasizing its contrasting role in conventional and regulatory (Treg) T cell populations. Activation of AKT has been known for many years to be critical in the development and function of conventional T cells. However, it has just recently been uncovered that AKT exerts an inhibitory effect on Treg generation and suppressor function. These studies have placed AKT at the nexus of Treg development and function, thus opening novel avenues for therapeutic manipulation.

Key words： AKT; Tregs; T cell signaling; T cell differentiation

Acknowledgments

We thank M. Moliner for assistance with graphics. This work was partially supported by NIH Grant Numbers R03AR052904-02 from the NIAMS and 2P20 RR020171 from the NCRR to F.M. The authors declare no financial or commercial conflict of interest.

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