Functional role of metalloproteins in genome stability

Abstract

Cells contain a large number of metalloproteins that commonly harbor at least one metal ion cofactor. In metalloproteins, metal ions are usually coordinated by oxygen, sulfur, or nitrogen centers belonging to amino acid residues in the protein. The presence of the metal ion in metalloproteins allows them to take part in diverse biological processes, such as genome stability, metabolic catalysis, and cell cycle progression. Clinically, alteration of the function of metalloproteins in mammals is genetically associated with diseases characterized by DNA damage and repair defects. The present review focuses on the current perspectives of metal ion homeostasis in different organisms and summarizes the most recent understanding on magnesium, copper, iron, and manganese-containing proteins and their functional involvement in the maintenance of genome stability.

Key words： metalloprotein; ROS; DNA damage; DNA repair; iron; copper

Acknowledgements

We apologize to authors whose contributions have not been cited due to space limitations.

Chunqiang Zhang, Fan Zhang, and Ping Zhou prepared and organized the sections pertaining to “Magnesium-containing proteins,” “Copper-containing proteins,” and “Manganese-containing proteins,” respectively. Caiguo Zhang prepared and organized the section on “Magnesium-containing proteins” and wrote the paper.

The authors declare no conflicts of interest. This article does not contain any studies with human or animal as subjects performed by any of the authors.

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