The Private Imperial Banquets of Emperor Taizu’s Reign in the Song Dynasty and Their Political Functions

Abstract

During the reign of Emperor Taizu of the Song Dynasty, the private imperial banquets were effectively employed to unify various political forces, cultivate a harmonious relationship characterized by shared happiness between the emperor and his ministers, and tackle challenging problems. The main attendees of these banquets comprised three groups, namely military commanders, Military Commissioners, royal families of various kingdoms, and Grand Councilor and close ministers, each serving distinct purposes and possessing unique characteristics. The banquets for military commanders were designed to serve both rewarding and controlling objectives. In addition, they aimed to provide reassurance for the Military Commissioners and royal families while simultaneously instilling fear. Moreover, banquets held for Grand Councilor and close ministers primarily functioned as an extension or supplement to court discussions. Throughout the process of reestablishing centralized rule, curbing Military Commissioners, and eliminating regional regimes under Emperor Taizu’s rule, the banquets played an irreplaceable political role. These all made private imperial banquets one of the important means of governance adopted by Emperor Taizu, which highlighted the distinctive pragmatic features of his reign.

Keywords

Emperor Taizu of the Song Dynasty / imperial court / private imperial banquets / political role

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