Variation of 184C→T of goat callipyge gene in different populations and its effect on body weight

Abstract

In order to investigate its distribution in different goat populations, one SNP (184C→T, corresponding to AY850925) of goat callipyge (CLPG) gene recognized by Fork I was identified after sequencing 23 individuals from 10 breeds. PCR-RFLP was carried out according to the variation site in 584 goats of 14 populations from 11 provinces and autonomous regions in China. An interesting result was found that the Boer goat having the characteristics of double muscle had significantly higher T allele (0.2465) frequency and lower C allele (0.7535) frequency compared to other breeds. It could be inferred that the 184C→T mutation might be related to the double muscle characteristics of the Boer goat. The general linear model analysis showed that parental genotype had significant effect on the body weight of their offspring at different ages. It could be inferred that transition of 184C→T might be a paternal imprinting form, a polar over-dominance, in which only individuals that received the allele from their mother expressed the callipyge phenotype. The double muscle characteristics of the Boer goat might be related to its maternal genotype. More data with detailed information need to be investigated in order to confirm this assumption.

Key words： goat; callipyge; 184C→T; double muscle; body weight

Acknowledgements

This study was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province, China (No. C2007000535). We are grateful to Mr. Jiuquan Han for correcting the grammar of the manuscript.

References

1 Cockett N E, Jackson S P, Shay T L, Farnir F, Berghmans S, Snowder G D, Nielsen D M, Georges M (1996). Polar overdominance at the ovine callipyge locus. Science, 273: 236-238

2 Cockett N E, Jackson S P, Shay T L, Nielsen D, Moore S S, Steele M R, Barendse W, Green R D, Georges M (1994). Chromosomal localization of the callipyge gene in sheep (Ovis aries) using bovine DNA markers. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 91: 3019-3023

3 Compiling Group of Sheep and Goat Breeds in China (1989). Sheep and goat breeds in China. Shanghai: Shanghai Science and Technonology Publishing Company (in Chinese)

4 Fahrenkrug S C, Freking B A, Rexroad C E, Leymaster K A, Kappes S M, Smith T P (2000). Comparative mapping of the ovine clpg locus. Mamm Genome, 11: 871-876

5 Freking B A, Keele J W, Beattie C W, Kappes S M, Smith T P, Sonstegard T S, Nielsen M K, Leymaster K A (1998). Evaluation of the ovine callipyge locus: I. Relative chromosomal position and gene action. J Anim Sci, 76: 2062-2071

6 Freking B A, Murphy S K, Wylie A A, Rhodes S J, Keele J W, Leymaster K A, Jirtle R L, Smith T P (2002). Identification of the single base change causing the callipyge muscle hypertrophy phenotype, the only known example of polar overdominance in mammals. Genome Res, 12: 1496-1506

7 Jackson S P, Miller M F, Green R D (1997a). Phenotypic characterization of rambouillet sheep expression the callipyge gene: III. Muscle weights and muscle weight distribution. J Anim Sci, 75: 133-138

8 Jackson S P, Miller M F, Green R D (1997b). Phenotypic characterization of Rambouillet sheep expressing the callipyge gene: II. Carcass characteristics and retail yield. J Anim Sci, 75: 125-132

9 Lien S, Cockett N E, Klungland H, Arnheim N, Georges M, Gomez-Raya L (1999). High-resolution gametic map of the sheep callipyge region: linkage heterogeneity among rams detected by sperm typing. Anim Genet, 30: 42-46

10 Shay T L, Berghmans S, Segers K, Meyers S, Beever J E, Womack J E, Georges M, Charlier C, Cockett N E (2001). Fine-mapping and construction of a bovine contig spanning the ovine callipyge locus. Mamm Genome, 12: 141-149

11 Shen Z N, Li X L, Zhou RY, Li L H (2007). Bioinformatics analysis of partial CLPG gene sequences among different species and chromosome position prediction of goat. Husbandry and Veterinary of China, 34: 56-58 (in Chinese)

12 Smit M, Segers K, Carrascosa L G, Shay T, Baraldi F, Gyapay G, Snowder G, Georges M, Cockett N, Charlier C (2003). Mosaicism of Solid Gold supports the causality of a noncoding A-to-G transition in the determinism of the callipyge phenotype. Genetics, 163: 453-456

13 Wang H L, Li X L, Zhou R Y, Li L H, Guo X L (2007). Detection of goat callipyge genotype. Husbandry and Veterinary of China, 34: 49-51 (in Chinese)