Influence of alginate oligosaccharides on growth, yield and alkaloid production of opium poppy (Papaver somniferum L.)

Abstract

Opium poppy (BoldItalic L.), an important medicinal plant, produces several opiate alkaloids including morphine, thebaine, codeine, papaverine and noscapine. Polysaccharides, such as sodium alginate, have been used in depolymerized form as wonderful promoters of plant growth. The present study has revealed that application of alginate oligosaccharides (AO), obtained from sodium alginate irradiated by Co-60 gamma rays, significantly enhances certain physiological/biochemical parameters as well as the overall growth of opium poppy. The highest dose applied was the most effective in increasing the morphine and codeine contents as well as the overall yield of crude opium per plant.

Keywords

Papaver somniferum L. / opium / alkaloids / morphine / alginate oligosaccharides

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Acknowledgements

The authors are indebted to Dr. Lalit Varshney, Head, ISOMED Group, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC), Mumbai, for providing the AO. Dr. Sudhir Shukla, Senior Scientist, National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, was kind enough to supply opium seeds.

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2014 Higher Education Press and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg