Effects of different selenium sources and levels on serum biochemical parameters and tissue selenium retention in rats

Abstract

A total of 54 female Wistar rats were allotted to nine treatments by weight and fed basal diet or diets containing Se of 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, or 0.20 mg∙kg^-1 diet provided with either Se yeast or sodium selenite for 10 days. The results showed the following: (1) Selenium yeast had better effects compared with sodium selenite on increasing serum superoxide dismutase activities (P<0.05). Addition of Se yeast or sodium selenite increased the activities of serum gluthathione peroxidase (P<0.01); (2) According to slope ratio assay, the bioavailability of Se from Se yeast was 132.1%, 205.7%, 140.0%, and 107.2% of that from sodium selenite when glutathione peroxidase activities and Se contents in serum, kidney, and liver were used as indicators. It is concluded that Se from Se yeast has higher bioavailability than Se from sodium selenite.

Keywords

Wistar rats / selenium yeast / serum biochemical parameters / tissue selenium / bioavailability

References

[1] Beilstein M A, Whanger P D (1988). Glutathione peroxidase activity and chemical forms of selenium in tissues of rats given selenite or selenomethionine. Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry, 33(1): 31–46

[2] Burk R F, Hill K E, Motley A K (2003). Selenoprotein metabolism and function: Evidence for more than one function for selenoprotein P. Journal of Nutrition, 133(Suppl): 1517–1520

[3] Gao J Z, Huang K H, Qin S Y (2006). Effects of different selenium sources on tissue selenium retention and anti-oxidative activities in weaned piglets. Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University, 29(1): 85–88 (in Chinese)

[4] Guo Y X, Huang R L (2006). Effect of dietary supplemental selenium yeast on tissue selenium retention in Chai broilers. Today Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2: 6–7 (in Chinese)

[5] Kim S W, Easter R A (2001). Nutritional value of fish meals in the diet for young pigs. Journal of Animal Science, 79: 1829–1839

[6] Ku P K, Miller E R, Wahlstrom R C, Groce A W, Hitchcock J P, Ullrey D E (1973). Selenium supplementation of naturally high selenium diets for swine. Journal of Animal Science, 37: 501–505

[7] Liu Q, Huang Y, Wang C, Dong S, Lin W (2007). Effects of selenium-yeast on nutrient metabolism and serum physico-chemical parameters in Simmental Steer. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 19(4): 379–385

[8] Mahan D C, Cline T R, Richert B (1999). Effect of dietary levels of selenium-enriched yeast and sodium selenite as selenium sources fed to growing-finishing pigs on performance, tissue selenium, serum glutathione peroxidase activity, carcass characteristics, and loin quality. Journal of Animal Science, 77(8): 2172–2179

[9] Mateo R D, Spallholz J E, Elder R, Yoon I, Kim S W (2007). Efficacy of dietary selenium sources on growth and carcass characteristics of growing-finishing pigs fed diets containing high endogenous selenium. Journal of Animal Science, 85: 1177–1183

[10] Payne R L, Southern L L (2005). Comparison of inorganic and organic selenium sources for broilers. Poultry Science, 84: 898–902

[11] Rayman M (2004). The use of high-selenium yeast to raise selenium status: how does it measure up? British Journal of Nutrition, 92: 557–573

[12] Reeves P G, Nielsen F H, Fahey Jr G C (1993). AIN-93 purified diets for laboratory rodents: Final report of the American Institute of Nutrition Ad Hoc Writing Committee on the reformulation of the AIN-76A rodent diet. Journal of Nutrition, 123: 1939–1951

[13] Wang L, Xu Z R (2006). Effects of arsenic on lipid peroxidation, glutathione content and antioxidant enzymes in growing pigs. Asian-Australia Journal of Animal Science, 19(5): 727–733

[14] Wang Y B, Xu B H (2008). Effect of different selenium source (sodium selenite and selenium yeast) on broiler chickens. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 144(3): 306–314

[15] Wang Y, Han J, Li W, Xu Z (2007). Effect of different selenium source on growth performances, glutathione peroxidase activities, muscle composition and selenium concentration of allogynogenetic crucian carp (Carassius auratus gibelio). Animal Feed Science and Technology, 134: 243–251

[16] Whetter P A, Ullrey D E (1978). Improved fluorometric method for determining Se. Journal-Association of Official Analytical Chemists, 61: 927–930

[17] Yang X J, He R G, Wang Y (2000). Review on the research and application of organic selenium. China Feed, 24: 22–24 (in Chinese)

[18] Yu L L, Wang R L, Zhang Y Z, Kleemann D O, Zhu X P, Jia Z H (2008). Effects of selenium supplementation on polyunsaturated fatty acid concentrations and antioxidant status in plasma and liver of lambs fed linseed oil or sunflower oil diets. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 140: 39–51

Acknowledgements

This work was granted by the Feed Biotechnology Project of Sichuan Province of China, and by the Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University, Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China (No. IRTO555-5).

RIGHTS & PERMISSIONS

2014 Higher Education Press and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg