Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase: Properties and applications

Abstract

Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT), a unique DNA polymerase, can elongate DNA by adding deoxynucleotides to the 3′ terminal of a DNA chain in a template-independent manner. Owing to their remarkable DNA synthesis activity, TdTs have promoted the development of numerous nucleic acid-based methods, tools, and associated applications, attracting broad interest from both academia and industry. This review summarizes and discusses the recent research on TdTs, including their biochemical characteristics, enzyme engineering, and practical applications. New insights and perspectives on the future development of TdTs are provided.

Keywords

Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase / Template-independent DNA synthesis / Synthetic biology / Enzyme engineering

Declaration of Competing Interest

The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: Given his role as Executive Editor, Dr. Shengying Li had no involvement in the peer-review of this article, and had no access to information regarding its peer-review. Full responsibility for the editorial process for this article was delegated to Dr. Yoshizumi Ishino.

CRediT authorship contribution statement

Chengjie Zhang: Writing - review & editing, Writing - original draft. Hizar Subthain: Writing - review & editing. Fei Guo: Writing - review & editing. Peng Fang: Writing - review & editing. Shanmin Zheng: Writing - review & editing. Mengzhe Shen: Writing - review & editing. Xianger Jiang: Writing - review & editing. Zhengquan Gao: Writing - review & editing. Chunxiao Meng: Writing - review & editing. Shengying Li: Writing - review & editing, Supervision. Lei Du: Writing - review & editing, Supervision.

Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2021YFA0911500), Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation (ZR2020ZD23), National Natural Science Foundation of China (32370032, 32170088), and Taishan Young Scholars (tsqn202312032).

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