Oxygen Vacancy in Accelerating the Electrocatalytic Small Molecule Oxidation Properties

Mengyuan Li; Huamei Li; Kun Xiang; Jing Zou; Xian-Zhu Fu; Jing-Li Luo; Guoqiang Luo; Jiujun Zhang

doi:10.1007/s41918-025-00241-4

Electrochemical Energy Reviews ›› 2025, Vol. 8 ›› Issue (1) :4 DOI: 10.1007/s41918-025-00241-4

Review Article

review-article

Oxygen Vacancy in Accelerating the Electrocatalytic Small Molecule Oxidation Properties

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¹School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Engineering Research Center of Phosphorus, Resources Development and Utilization of Ministry of Education, Wuhan Institute of Technology, 430205, Wuhan, Hubei, China

²College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, 518060, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China

³State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, 430070, Wuhan, Hubei, China

⁴College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, 350108, Fuzhou, Fujian, China

⁵Institute for Sustainable Energy, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, 200444, Shanghai, China

^a xiangkun@wit.edu.cn

^b jingzou@wit.edu.cn

^c jiujun.zhang@fzu.edu.cn

Mengyuan Li

Mengyuan Li is a master candidate at the School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, under the supervision of Prof. Kun Xiang. Her current research mainly focuses on the conversion and synthesis of new energy sources, including the synthesis of oxygen vacancy-rich materials and the highly selective value-added oxidation of small organic molecules.

Huamei Li

Huamei Li is a postgraduate student at the School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, under the supervision of Kun Xiang. Her current research interests are the synthesis of defect catalysts and electrocatalytic oxidation of small organic molecules.

Kun Xiang

Kun Xiang is a distinguished professor at Wuhan Institute of Technology, recognized as a high-level talent in Hubei Province and serving as the deputy director of Novel Catalytic Materials of Hubei Engineering Research Center. He obtained his Ph.D. degree in science from Nanjing University in 2018 and was subsequently engaged in postdoctoral research at Shen-zhen University from 2018 to 2021. His primary research focuses on the preparation of defect-state catalysts and their applications in energy storage and conversion, including electrocatalytic hydrogen production, electro-synthesis and supercapacitors.

Jing Zou

Jing Zou is a professor at Wuhan Institute of Technology and the director of Novel Catalytic Materials of Hubei Engineering Research Center. She has been recognized as an outstanding scientific and technological worker in the petroleum and chemical industry at the national level. In 2009, she earned her Ph.D. degree from Huazhong University of Science and Technology, where she laid the foundation for her extensive research career. Her primary research focus lies in the design, preparation, and application of novel photo/electrocatalytic materials, which play a critical role in advancing the field of catalysis and addressing pressing environmental challenges.

Guoqiang Luo

Xian-Zhu Fu is a professor at Wuhan University of Technology, where he earned his doctoral degree in 2007. During 2014–2015, he furthered his academic pursuits as a visiting scholar at the Institute of Metal Materials at Tohoku University in Japan. His primary research passions lie in the design and preparation of functionally graded materials, advanced functional composites, high-performance alloy materials, and functional ceramics, with a keen eye on their groundbreaking applications in diverse sectors such as renewable energy, aerospace engineering, and automotive industries.

Xian‑Zhu Fu

Jing-Li Luo is a professor and doctoral supervisor at the School of Materials Science and Engineering at Shenzhen University. He earned his Ph.D. degree in chemistry from Xiamen University in 2007. From 2008 to 2012, he conducted postdoctoral research at the Department of Materials and Chemical Engineering at the University of Alberta in Canada, where he received the funding from the NSERC SOFC Canada program to conduct visiting research at the Environmental Energy Department of the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory in the United States. His research focuses on electrochemical energy materials and devices, including fuel cells, hydrogen production, lithium batteries, current collectors, and electro-synthesis.

Jing-Li Luo

Guoqiang Luo is a distinguished professor at Shenzhen University and an honorary professor at the University of Alberta. She is a fellow of the Canadian Academy of Engineering and serves as the Chief Scientist for Alternative Fuels Cells in Canada. Prof. Luo obtained her Ph.D. degree in materials science and engineering from McMaster University in 1992. Her extensive research contributions span various fields, including electrochemistry, fuel cells, energy materials and devices, and corrosion protection.

Jiujun Zhang

Jiujun Zhang is a foreign academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering and a former Principal Research Officer at National Research Council of Canada. He is a fellow of the Academy of Science of the Royal Society of Canada, fellow of the Canadian Academy of Engineering, fellow of the Engineering Institute of Canada, fellow of the International Society of Electrochemistry, fellow of the Royal Society of Chemistry in the United Kingdom. He is currently a professor at the School of Materials Science and Engineering at Fuzhou University. His research focuses on electrochemical energy storage and conversion, as well as the development and industrial application of related materials.

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Abstract

The electrocatalytic oxidation reaction plays a key role in energy conversion and storage systems. In order to achieve the best energy efficiency and cost competitiveness in these systems, a comprehensive understanding of the strategic design of electrocatalysts and the underlying mechanisms is essential. Defect engineering, especially the incorporation of oxygen vacancies (OVs), has proven to be an effective electrocatalyst modification strategy. OVs can regulate the electronic structures of metal oxides and hydroxides, generate unsaturated coordination sites on the surfaces of catalysts, and act as active sites to significantly accelerate the rates of electrocatalytic reactions. In recent years, studies have shown that OVs play an important role in electrocatalytic oxidation reactions such as the oxidation of hydrocarbons, alcohols and amines. This review discusses the strategies for generating OV sites, advanced characterization techniques for identifying and analyzing OVs, and theoretical calculations to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. In addition, the application of OVs in the electrocatalytic process is particularly emphasized, which is crucial for elucidating the dynamic evolution of OVs in the reaction process and further promoting the design of efficient electrocatalytic systems. We believe that this paper will provide new ideas and ways to promote the development of new fields such as OV energy conversion and environmental protection.

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Keywords

Oxygen vacancy / Characterization techniques / Mechanism of action / Electrocatalysis

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Mengyuan Li, Huamei Li, Kun Xiang, Jing Zou, Xian-Zhu Fu, Jing-Li Luo, Guoqiang Luo, Jiujun Zhang. Oxygen Vacancy in Accelerating the Electrocatalytic Small Molecule Oxidation Properties. Electrochemical Energy Reviews, 2025, 8(1): 4 DOI:10.1007/s41918-025-00241-4

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Funding

National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFC3902703)

National Natural Science Foundation of China(21902108)

Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Energy Materials Chemistry of Ministry of Education & Hubei Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials Science(CHCL24003)

Graduate Innovative Fund of Wuhan Institute of Technology(CX2024017)