Li Alloys in All Solid-State Lithium Batteries: A Review of Fundamentals and Applications

Jingru Li; Han Su; Yu Liu; Yu Zhong; Xiuli Wang; Jiangping Tu

doi:10.1007/s41918-024-00221-0

Electrochemical Energy Reviews ›› 2024, Vol. 7 ›› Issue (1) DOI: 10.1007/s41918-024-00221-0

Review Article

Li Alloys in All Solid-State Lithium Batteries: A Review of Fundamentals and Applications

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¹State Key Laboratory of Silicon and Advanced Semiconductor Materials, Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Applications for Batteries of Zhejiang Province, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, 310027, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China

^d yu_zhong@zju.edu.cn

^f tujp@zju.edu.cn

Jingru Li

received her B.S. degree from Chongqing University in 2019. She is currently pursuing a Ph.D. degree under the supervision of Prof. Jiangping Tu at the School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University. Her research mainly focuses on all-solid-state Li metal batteries.

Han Su

has been a Ph.D. candidate at the School of Materials Science and Engineering at Zhejiang University since 2020. He obtained his Bachelor’s degree from Chu KoChen honors college at Zhejiang University. His research mainly focuses on the lithium metal anodes and sulfide-based all-solid-state batteries.

Yu Liu

received his B.S. degree from Zhejiang University and has been a Ph.D. candidate at the School of Materials Science and Engineering at Zhejiang University since 2019. His research mainly focuses on sulfide electrolytes.

Yu Zhong

is currently an assistant professor at Zhejiang University. He received his Ph.D. degree from Zhejiang University in 2019. His research mainly focuses on all-solid-state batteries.

Xiuli Wang

obtained her B.S. degree (2001) and Ph.D. degree (2006) at the school of Materials Science and Engineering from Zhejiang University, respectively. After a postdoctoral fellowship in Zhejiang University, she was appointed an associated professor in 2010. During 2013–2014, she worked at Nanyang Technological University as a research fellow. Her scientific research focuses on electrochemical energy storage materials and engineering technology. She was awarded “Highly Cited Researcher” in four consecutive years (from 2015 to 2018) for her contributions in the field of engineering technology.

Jiangping Tu

received his Ph.D. degree from Zhejiang University in 1994. From 1998 to 2000, he worked as a Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) research fellow at the Department of Chemical Engineering of Hiroshima University, Japan. He has been a full professor at the school of Materials Science and Engineering at Zhejiang University since 2000. His main research interests are the fabrication and tribological properties of nanocomposites and nanocomposite coatings, novel electrochemical energy storage materials and solid electrolyte materials.

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Abstract

All solid-state lithium batteries (ASSLBs) overcome the safety concerns associated with traditional lithium-ion batteries and ensure the safe utilization of high-energy-density electrodes, particularly Li metal anodes with ultrahigh specific capacities. However, the practical implementation of ASSLBs is limited by the instability of the interface between the anode and solid-state electrolyte (SSE). To mitigate this, considerable research has been dedicated to achieving enhanced stability at the anode/SSE interface. Among the current strategies for enhancing interface performance, the concept of Li-alloy materials is extensively used and well functionalized in various scenarios, including Li alloys as anodes, Li-alloy interlayers and Li alloys in the anode. Despite the notable achievements of Li-alloy materials in ASSLBs, the functionality, practicality and working mechanism of Li-alloys have not been fully elucidated. This review commences by providing an exhaustive and in-depth examination of the fundamental kinetics, thermodynamics, and mechanics, highlighting Li-alloy materials. Subsequently, through a systematic interconnection of material properties and their practical applications, we undertake a comprehensive analysis of the operative principles governing Li alloys. This analytical approach allows a thorough evaluation of the viability and utility of Li alloys within the context of ASSLBs. Finally, this review concludes by succinctly summarizing the future prospects and inherent potential of Li-alloy materials for further advancing the field of ASSLBs.

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Jingru Li, Han Su, Yu Liu, Yu Zhong, Xiuli Wang, Jiangping Tu. Li Alloys in All Solid-State Lithium Batteries: A Review of Fundamentals and Applications. Electrochemical Energy Reviews, 2024, 7(1): DOI:10.1007/s41918-024-00221-0