¹Chemistry Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, 11973, Upton, NY, USA

²Robert Frederick Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, 14850, Ithaca, NY, USA

³Battery Science Branch, Energy Science Division, Army Research Directorate, US Army Research Laboratory, 20783, Adelphi, MD, USA

⁴Department of Chemistry, University of Rhode Island, 02881, Kingston, RI, USA

⁵Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Maryland, 20740, College Park, MD, USA

⁶Institute of Fuel Cells, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240, Shanghai, China

⁷SolidEnergy Systems, (SES), 35 Cabot Rd., 01801, Woburn, MA, USA