Emerging Atomic Layer Deposition for the Development of High-Performance Lithium-Ion Batteries

Sina Karimzadeh; Babak Safaei; Chris Yuan; Tien-Chien Jen

doi:10.1007/s41918-023-00192-8

Electrochemical Energy Reviews ›› 2023, Vol. 6 ›› Issue (1) DOI: 10.1007/s41918-023-00192-8

Review Article

Emerging Atomic Layer Deposition for the Development of High-Performance Lithium-Ion Batteries

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¹Department of Mechanical Engineering Science, University of Johannesburg, 2006, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa

²Department of Mechanical Engineering, Eastern Mediterranean University, Famagusta, North Cyprus Via Mersin 10, Turkey

³Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 44106, Cleveland, OH, USA

^d tjen@uj.ac.za

Sina Karimzadeh

is currently a Ph.D. candidate in Mechanical Engineering Science at the University of Johannesburg. His current research interest focuses on the development of solid-state Li-ion battery components including cathode, anode, solid-state electrolyte, and interface engineering by atomic layer deposition (ALD) technique. He has also been involved in a number of projects including Hydrogen Storage, Hydrogen Generation, Thin Films and Nanotechnology, Drug Delivery, Heat Transfer, Water Purification Membrane, Computational Modeling and Simulation. He is currently the Head of the ALD and innovation sub-research group and the Lead experimentalist at the JENANO ALD research center in the University of Johannesburg.

Babak Safaei

currently is working as Associate Professor at the Department of Mechanical Engineering of Eastern Mediterranean University. Also, he has honorary position as Visiting Associate Professor at the University of Johannesburg since 2021. Presently, he is director of Nanotechnology and Multifunctional Structures Research Center (NMSRC) at Eastern Mediterranean University. He received his Ph.D. degree in Mechanical Engineering from the Department of Mechanical Engineering at Tsinghua University. His research interests focus on Computational Mechanics, Micro and Nano Mechanics, Advanced Manufacturing Technology, Design of Lightweight Structures, Composite and Nano Composite Materials, Lithium-Ion Batteries, Energy Storage Systems, and Renewable Energy.

Chris Yuan

currently holds the Leonard Case Jr. Professorship in the Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering at Case Western Reserve University. He is the Director of the Laboratory for Sustainable Energy Manufacturing at CWRU. His research interests are in sustainable manufacturing, scalable nanomanufacturing, lithium-ion batteries and electric vehicles.

Tien-Chien Jen

is a Professor at the Department of Mechanical Engineering Science of University of Johannesburg and He is South Africa Research Chair of Innovation for Green Hydrogen (SARChI Chair). Before that he was a faculty member at the University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee. He is also the director of the newly established Atomic Layer Deposition Research Centre (JENANO) of the University of Johannesburg. He received his Ph.D. in Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering from UCLA. Moreover, he has received several competitive grants for his research, including those from the US National Science Foundation, the US Department of Energy, and the EPA. Furthermore, he has recently established a Joint Research Centre with Nanjing Tech University of China on the "Sustainable Materials and Manufacturing. In 2011, Prof. Jen was elected as a Fellow to the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), which recognized his contributions to the field of thermal science and manufacturing. In 2020, he was inducted to as the Academician of the Academy of Science of South Africa (AASAf) for his significant research contribution in the fields of thermal sciences and advanced manufacturing. His current research interests associated with developing ALD Thin Film Nanomaterials, Energy storage systems including Li-ion Batteries, Hydrogen Storage and Conversion, Sustainable Energy, Fuel Cells and Hydrogen Technology, Solar Cell, Cold Gas Dynamics Spraying, Heat and Mass Transfer, and Material Processing.

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Abstract

With the increasing demand for low-cost and environmentally friendly energy, the application of rechargeable lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) as reliable energy storage devices in electric cars, portable electronic devices and space satellites is on the rise. Therefore, extensive and continuous research on new materials and fabrication methods is required to achieve the desired enhancement in their electrochemical performance. Battery active components, including the cathode, anode, electrolyte, and separator, play an important role in LIB functionality. The major problem of LIBs is the degradation of the electrolyte and electrode materials and their components during the charge‒discharge process. Atomic layer deposition (ALD) is considered a promising coating technology to deposit uniform, ultrathin films at the atomic level with controllable thickness and composition. Various metal films can be deposited on the surface of active electrodes and solid electrolyte materials to tailor and generate a protective layer at the electrode interface. In addition, synthesis of microbatteries and novel nanocomplexes of the cathode, anode, and solid-state electrolyte to enhance the battery performance can all be attained by ALD. Therefore, the ALD technique has great potential to revolutionize the future of the battery industry. This review article provides a comprehensive foundation of the current state of ALD in synthesizing and developing LIB active components. Additionally, new trends and future expectations for the further development of next-generation LIBs via ALD are reported.

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Sina Karimzadeh, Babak Safaei, Chris Yuan, Tien-Chien Jen. Emerging Atomic Layer Deposition for the Development of High-Performance Lithium-Ion Batteries. Electrochemical Energy Reviews, 2023, 6(1): DOI:10.1007/s41918-023-00192-8