Nutritional, functional, and sensory evaluation of corn-based instant cereal enriched with chickpea and carrot produced by drum drying

Abstract

Aim: This study aimed to develop a corn-based instant cereal enriched with chickpea and carrot using drum drying, and to evaluate the effects of formulation on nutritional composition, functional properties, colour characteristics, sensory acceptability, and short-term storage stability. Methods: Five formulations were prepared by varying chickpea (0–40%) and carrot (0–40%) proportions. Proximate composition, total dietary fibre (TDF), antioxidant activity (DPPH assay), colour parameters, sensory acceptability (9-point hedonic scale,n=50), and water activity (a_w) during 28 days of storage were analyzed. Results: Moisture content ranged from 6.32 ± 0.11% to 10.42 ± 0.20%, while protein content increased significantly from 0.63 ± 0.08% (control) to 18.66 ± 0.36% with 40% chickpea incorporation. TDF ranged from 19.81 ± 0.41% to 26.66 ± 0.71%. DPPH radical scavenging activity increased with extract concentration (10–50 mg/mL), with the 40% chickpea formulation exhibiting higher inhibition (70.61 ± 3.50%–83.14 ± 0.23%) compared to the control (64.17 ± 0.14%–82.64 ± 0.16%). Sensory overall acceptability scores (9-point hedonic scale,n=50) ranged from 4.62 ± 2.16 to 5.92 ± 1.81, with the highest score observed in the 40% chickpea formulation. a_w remained low (0.602–0.614) during 28 days of storage, indicating favourable stability. Conclusions: Chickpea fortification significantly enhanced protein, dietary fibre, antioxidant capacity, and sensory acceptability of corn-based instant cereal without compromising storage stability, supporting its potential as a functional food product.

Keywords

antioxidant activity / chickpea / carrot / drum drying / instant vegetable cereal / proximate composition / sensory evaluation / short-term stability

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