A Boric Acid-SnO2 Composite for Interfacial Stabilization of Highly Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells

Kun Gao; Yingping Fan; Dachang Liu; Qiangqiang Zhao; Bingqian Zhang; Nannan Gao; Han Liu; Xiao Wang; Caixia Wang; Wei Li; Jingfu Jiang; Shuping Pang; Li Wang

doi:10.1002/eem2.70291

Energy & Environmental Materials ›› 2026, Vol. 9 ›› Issue (5) :e70291 DOI: 10.1002/eem2.70291

Research Article

A Boric Acid-SnO₂ Composite for Interfacial Stabilization of Highly Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells

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Abstract

The stability of buried interfaces is critical to the long-term performance of perovskite solar cells (PSCs), yet it is often compromised by the light-induced oxidation of iodide ions, followed by structural degradation. To address this issue, we incorporated boric acid (BA) into the SnO₂ electron transport layer (ETL). The addition of BA not only enhances the carrier mobility and hydrophilicity of the SnO₂ layer but also effectively suppresses the deprotonation of formamidine iodide (FAI) and the oxidation of iodide ions. As a result, the stability of the perovskite film on the BA-SnO₂ substrate under intense ultra-violet illumination was highly improved. Furthermore, devices with the modified ETL retained 80% of their initial efficiency after 1500 h of aging at 85 °C, significantly outperforming the control devices, which retained only 60%. This work demonstrates that ETL modification with BA is a highly effective strategy for stabilizing buried interfaces and enhancing the overall durability of PSCs.

Keywords

boric acid modification / buried interface stability / electron transport layer / iodide oxidation suppression / UV-induced degradation

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Kun Gao, Yingping Fan, Dachang Liu, Qiangqiang Zhao, Bingqian Zhang, Nannan Gao, Han Liu, Xiao Wang, Caixia Wang, Wei Li, Jingfu Jiang, Shuping Pang, Li Wang. A Boric Acid-SnO₂ Composite for Interfacial Stabilization of Highly Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells. Energy & Environmental Materials, 2026, 9 (5) : e70291 DOI:10.1002/eem2.70291

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