Fluorination Engineering for Stable Interfacial Chemistry in Deep Eutectic Amide-Based Electrolytes Enables High-Performance LiNi_0.8Co_0.1Mn_0.1O₂/Li Batteries

Abstract

Fluorinated amide electrolytes represent a promising solution for high-energy density lithium metal batteries, yet their application in Ni-rich layered oxide cathodes is hindered by interfacial instability. This study develops a non-flammable fluorinated amide-based deep eutectic electrolyte modified with fluoroethylene carbonate, which simultaneously enhances ionic conductivity (1.5 × 10⁻⁴ S cm⁻¹) and anodic stability (>4.4 V vs Li⁺/Li). Applied in Li/NCM811 batteries, the fluoroethylene carbonate-based electrolyte enables 83.2% capacity retention after 200 cycles at 0.5 C, significantly outperforming conventional counterparts. ToF-SMIS and XPS tests reveal that fluoroethylene carbonate facilitates the formation of a LiF-rich cathode-electrolyte interphase, suppressing parasitic reactions and improving Li⁺ transport kinetics. Furthermore, the electrolyte demonstrates superior lithium metal compatibility, inhibiting dendrite growth while enhancing thermal safety. These findings underscore the critical role of fluorinated amide electrolytes in stabilizing Ni-rich cathodes and highlight their potential for next-generation high-voltage lithium metal batteries.

Keywords

fluoroamide / fluoroethylene carbonate / lithium metal battery / Ni-rich ternary cathode / non-flammable

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