Enhanced Ultramicropore of Biomass-Derived Porous Carbon for Efficient and Low-Energy CO₂ Capture: Integration of Adsorption and Solar Desorption

Abstract

Biomass-derived carbon for CO₂ capture is significant for reducing carbon emissions and recovering C1 resources, contributing to zero-carbon goals. However, developing biomass-based porous carbon with high CO₂ capture while reducing regeneration energy consumption remains challenging. This study leverages the tunable pore structure and photothermal properties of biomass-based carbon, integrating adsorption and solar-driven desorption for efficient, low-energy CO₂ capture. Specifically, mechanical compaction increased the ultramicropore volume of the porous carbon by 25%, leading to a corresponding 25% enhancement in CO₂ adsorption capacity. Theoretical calculations and correlation analyses further elucidated that ultramicropore volume, nitrogen doping, and oxygen doping play significant roles in CO₂ adsorption. Under one-sun illumination, the surface temperature of the prepared porous carbon rapidly rose to 57.1 °C within 6 min and stabilized around 71.0 °C, resulting in a regeneration efficiency of 75%. These findings provide valuable theoretical and practical insights for the development of high-efficiency, low-energy CO₂ capture technologies.

Keywords

CO₂ capture / porous carbon / solar desorption / ultramicroporous structure

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2025 The Author(s). Energy & Environmental Materials published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of Zhengzhou University.