Binding SnO₂ Nanoparticles with MoS₂ Nanosheets Toward Highly Reversible and Cycle-Stable Lithium/Sodium Storage

Abstract

SnO₂, with its high theoretical capacity, abundant resources, and environmental friendliness, is widely regarded as a potential anode material for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Nevertheless, the coarsening of the Sn nanoparticles impedes the reconversion back to SnO₂, resulting in low coulombic efficiency and rapid capacity decay. In this study, we fabricated a heterostructure by combining SnO₂ nanoparticles with MoS₂ nanosheets via plasma-assisted milling. The heterostructure consists of in-situ exfoliated MoS₂ nanosheets predominantly in 1 T phase, which tightly encase the SnO₂ nanoparticles through strong bonding. This configuration effectively mitigates the volume change and particle aggregation upon cycling. Moreover, the strong affinity of Mo, which is the lithiation product of MoS₂, toward Sn plays a pivotal role in inhibiting the coarsening of Sn nanograins, thus enhancing the reversibility of Sn to SnO₂ upon cycling. Consequently, the SnO₂/MoS₂ heterostructure exhibits superb performance as an anode material for LIBs, demonstrating high capacity, rapid rate capability, and extended lifespan. Specifically, discharged/charged at a rate of 0.2 A g^-1 for 300 cycles, it achieves a remarkable reversible capacity of 1173.4 mAh g^-1. Even cycled at high rates of 1.0 and 5.0 A g^-1 for 800 cycles, it still retains high reversible capacities of 1005.3 and 768.8 mAh g^-1, respectively. Moreover, the heterostructure exhibits outstanding electrochemical performance in both full LIBs and sodium-ion batteries.

Keywords

1 T-MoS ₂ / heterostructure / lithium-ion batteries / Sn coarsening / SnO ₂

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2023 The Authors. Energy & Environmental Materials published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of Zhengzhou University.