This paper systematically summarizes the latest research progress of quorum sensing system and the formation and regulatory mechanism of bacterial biofilms. The role of quorum sensing system in various stages of biofilm formation is described, including initial adhesion, microcolony formation and biofilm maturation. In addition, the molecular mechanism of quorum sensing system to regulate the formation of biofilms and the biofilm prevention and control strategies for quorum sensing system are also discussed. Finally, the future development direction of quorum sensing system and bacterial biofilm research is prospected.