Smart safety: From regulation to innovation—rethinking jockey safety vests through design-led wearable technology

Abstract

User-centered design addresses end users’ needs to ensure effective product deployment. Unlike previous methods, this process focuses on addressing technology-related issues without considering ethical or sociocultural factors. As a result, radical product innovation continues to capture the interest of design scholars and experts. Contemporary advancements in technology and materials have significantly influenced the development of personal protective equipment (PPE) in sports, with a growing emphasis on enhancing athletes’ well-being. Within equestrian disciplines, PPE such as safety vests for jockeys plays a critical role in mitigating physical risk. While prior research has examined the physiological, cognitive, and performance-related aspects of horse riding, a notable gap remains in understanding how the design of jockeys’ PPE can effectively reduce the severity of sustained injuries. This study investigates the current limitations and future potential of jockey safety vests through the lens of material innovation, wearable technology, and design regulation. Drawing on a case study within the Australian regulatory context, this research identifies a critical tension between safety standards and innovation, suggesting that rigid compliance frameworks may inadvertently hinder the evolution of high-performance protective equipment. The study proposes a design-led approach to rethinking jockey vests as intelligent wearable systems—incorporating flexible sensors and smart materials—to enhance injury prevention, improve post-accident outcomes, and offer actionable data for both medical professionals and insurers. The study advocates for a shift toward more dynamic product standards that support design experimentation and user-centered innovation in sports PPE, thereby serving as a foundational step for future research and applications.

Keywords

User-centered design / Design thinking / Personal protective equipment / Design / Design innovation / Sports product design

Acknowledgments

The author wishes to express sincere gratitude to all participants who contributed to this study, including individuals from the thoroughbred racing industry and associated medical professionals. Their valuable support and insights—both during and following the investigation—were instrumental to the research process. The author also thanks the anonymous reviewers whose feedback improved the quality of the manuscript.

Funding

None.

Conflict of interest

The author declares no conflict of interest.

Author contributions

This is a single-authored article.

Ethics approval and consent to participate

The study was approved by a subcommittee of Swinburne University of Technology’s Human Research Ethics Committee (SHR Project 2016/125). In accordance with the terms of the ethical approval, participant information statements and consent forms were provided to enable informed consent. The assistance and support provided by relevant authorities (such as Racing Victoria, RA, the National Jockeys’ Trust, and Wilson Medic One) ensured that all participants were over the age of 18 and had not been diagnosed with anxiety, depression, or any other emotional disturbance within the previous 12 months.

Consent for publication

All participants provided written informed consent for the publication of their anonymous data before participating in the study, after receiving a comprehensive explanation of the research design and data collection procedures.

Availability of data

The data presented in this study are available on request from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

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