Wireless-optical switching and communication based on metasurfaces: From multi-parameter regulation to potential applications✩

Weijie Qiu; Weigang Hou; Jiahao Zhou; Xiaoxue Gong; Xiangyu He; Lei Guo; Pengxing Guo

doi:10.1016/j.dcan.2025.06.002

›› 2026, Vol. 12 ›› Issue (4) :649 -661. DOI: 10.1016/j.dcan.2025.06.002

Review

research-article

Wireless-optical switching and communication based on metasurfaces: From multi-parameter regulation to potential applications^✩

Weijie Qiu ^a^,^b
, Weigang Hou ^a^,^b^,^c^,^*
, Jiahao Zhou ^a^,^b
, Xiaoxue Gong ^a^,^b^,^*
, Xiangyu He ^a^,^b
, Lei Guo ^c
, Pengxing Guo ^a^,^b

Author information +

^a School of Communications and Information Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications , Chongqing 400065, China

^b Institute of Intelligent Communication and Network Security, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications , Chongqing 400065, China

^c State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications , Beijing 100876, China

^* E-mail addresses: houwg@cqupt.edu.cn, houwg@bupt.edu.cn (W. Hou),

gongxx@cqupt.edu.cn (X. Gong).

Weijie Qiu received the Ph.D. degree from Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications (CQUPT), Chongqing, China, in 2025. He is currently a Lecturer with the School of Information Science and Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang, China. His research interests include Optical communication, Passive metasurface design, and Optical switching.

Weigang Hou received the Ph.D. degree in information and communication system from Northeastern University, Shenyang, China, in 2013. In 2012, he was an Associate Researcher with the Department of Computer Science, City University of Hong Kong. He is currently a full professor in School of Computer Science and Engineering, Northeastern University. He holds more than 120 publications. Among which, more than 80 papers are published as the first/corresponding author, and they span IEEE magazine, trans, journals, and some famous conferences. His research interests include the area of optical network on chip.

Jiahao Zhou is a Ph.D. student at Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications. His research interests include Silicon photonic integration and Intelligent optical computing.

Xiangyu He received the bachelor’s degree from Sichuan University of Science & Engineering, Zigong, China, in 2019. Currently, she is a PhD candidate in information and communication engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications. Her research interests include optical interconnection, optical computing, and photonic neural network acceleration.

Lei Guo received the Ph.D. degree from the University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China, in 2006. He is currently a Professor with the School of Computer Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China. He has authored or coauthored more than 200 technical papers in the above areas in international journals and conferences, such as the IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS, the IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS, the IEEE/OSA JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY, the IEEE/OSA JOURNAL OF OPTICAL COMMUNICATIONS AND NETWORKING, the IEEE GLOBECOM, and the IEEE ICC. His current research interests include communication networks, optical communications, and wireless communications. He is a member of OSA, and also a Senior Member of CIC. He is currently an editor for five international journals.

Pengxing Guo received the Ph.D. degree in communication and information systems from Northeastern University, Shenyang, China, in 2020. In 2018-2020, he was an Associate Researcher with the School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore. Currently, he is a Wenfeng Associate Professor in Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications. His current research interests include electronic/photonic network-on-chip and machine learning acceleration.

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Abstract

This review provides a comprehensive survey of the most recent developments in metasurfaces for applications in domains including wireless-optical switching and communications. In particular, we focus on discussion of multi-parameter optical field regulation and potential applications in system performance enhancement. By designing nanostructured arrays with specific geometries, metasurfaces can be used to effectively manipulate parameters including phase, amplitude, and polarization, thereby enabling the switching, transmission, testing, analysis, and processing of optical signals. Notably, the introduction of phase-change materials offers a novel approach that allows metasurfaces to achieve more flexible wireless-optical switching at higher speeds. In wireless-optical communication systems, multiplexing of the different degrees of freedom of the light beams can improve the data transmission capacity and rate significantly. Finally, we present our own metasurface design with its unique passive parallel beam splitting capacity, and we demonstrate the superiority of this design in applications including wireless-optical inter-rack connections in data centers and industrial inspection based on optical cross-connectors.

Keywords

Optical metasurfaces / Multi-parameter optical field regulation / Wireless-optical switching / Wireless-optical communication

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Weijie Qiu, Weigang Hou, Jiahao Zhou, Xiaoxue Gong, Xiangyu He, Lei Guo, Pengxing Guo. Wireless-optical switching and communication based on metasurfaces: From multi-parameter regulation to potential applications^✩. , 2026, 12 (4) : 649-661 DOI:10.1016/j.dcan.2025.06.002

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CRediT authorship contribution statement

Weijie Qiu: Writing -- original draft, Validation, Software, Methodology, Investigation. Weigang Hou: Writing -- review & editing. Jiahao Zhou: Investigation. Xiaoxue Gong: Investigation. Xiangyu He: Investigation. Lei Guo: Investigation. Pengxing Guo: Investigation.

Declaration of competing interest

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

Acknowledgements

This work was supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 62222103, Grant U24B20134, Grant 62071076, Grant 62205043, Grant 62221005, and Grant 62075024, in part by the Chongqing Municipal Education Commission under Grant CXQT21019 and KJZD-K202400608, in part by the Youth Project of Science and Technology Research Program of Chongqing Education Commission of China under Grant KJQN202400620, in part by the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing under Grant CSTB2022NSCQ-MSX1334 and CSTB2024NSCQ-MSX1092, and in part by the Guangxi Key Laboratory of Automatic Detecting Technology and Instruments under Grant YQ24209.

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