A comprehensive survey of artificial intelligence applications in UAV-enabled wireless networks✩

Li Zhou; Hao Yin; Haitao Zhao; Jibo Wei; Dewen Hu; Victor C.M. Leung

doi:10.1016/j.dcan.2024.11.005

›› 2026, Vol. 12 ›› Issue (4) :561 -583. DOI: 10.1016/j.dcan.2024.11.005

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research-article

A comprehensive survey of artificial intelligence applications in UAV-enabled wireless networks^✩

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^a College of Electronic Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology , Changsha 410073, China

^b Institute of China Electronic System Engineering , Beijing 100000, China

^c College of Intelligence Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology , Changsha 410073, China

^d Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of British Columbia , Vancouver V6T 1Z4, Canada

^* E-mail addresses: zhouli2035@nudt.edu.cn (L. Zhou),

yinhao@cashq.ac.cn (H. Yin),

haitaozhao@nudt.edu.cn (H. Zhao),

wjbhw@nudt.edu.cn (J. Wei),

dwhu@nudt.edu.cn (D. Hu),

vleung@ieee.org (V.C.M. Leung).

Li Zhou (Senior Member, IEEE) received his B.S., M.S., and Ph.D. degrees from National University of Defense Technology (NUDT), Changsha, China in 2009, 2011 and 2015 respectively. From Sept. 2013 to Sept. 2014, he worked as a visiting scholar at The University of British Columbia, Canada. He is currently an associate professor at College of Electronic Science and Technology, NUDT, China. His research interests are in the area of mobile edge computing networks, intelligent networks and software defined communication systems. He regularly serves as a TPC member in flagship conferences in IEEE ComSoc. His research contribut

Hao Yin received the B.S. degree in microwave communications and the M.S. degree in communication and information systems from the Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China, in 1982 and 1987, respectively, and the Ph.D. degree in communication and information systems from the Beijing Institute of Technology. He is currently a Professor and Research Fellow with the Institute of Systems Engineering, Academy of Military Sciences, Beijing, China, He is an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and a fellow of the Chinese Institute of Electronics and the China Institute of Communications. He has published widely in the areas of communication networks. His main research areas include intelligent information network technology, theoretical methods of communication networks in complex environments, and space-air-ground integrated networks.

Haitao Zhao (Senior Member, IEEE) received the B.E., M.S., and Ph.D. degrees from the National University of Defense Technology (NUDT), Changsha, China, in 2002, 2004, and 2009 respectively, where he is currently a Professor with the Department of Cognitive Communications. Prior to this, he visited the Institute of ECIT, Queen’s University of Belfast, U.K., and Hong Kong Baptist University. His main research interests include cognitive radio networks and self-organized networks. He has served as a TPC Member for IEEE ICC’14-17 and Globecom’16-17 and a Guest Editor for IEEE Communications Magazine.

Jibo Wei (Member, IEEE) received the B.S. and M.S. degrees in electronic engineering from the National University of Defense Technology (NUDT), Changsha, China, in 1989 and 1992, respectively, and the Ph.D. degree in electronic engineering from Southeast University, Nanjing, China, in 1998. He is currently a Professor with the Department of Cognitive Communications, NUDT. His research interests include software defined radios, cognitive communications and networking, OFDM and MIMO, and cooperative communications. He is a member of the IEEE Communication Society and IEEE Vehicular Technology Society. He is a Council Member of the China Institute of Communications. He is also an Editorial Committee Member of the Journal on Communications.

Dewen Hu (Senior Member, IEEE) received the BS and MS degrees from Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China, in 1983 and 1986, respectively, and the PhD degree from the National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China, in 1999. He is currently a professor with the School of Intelligent Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology. From 1995 to 1996, he was a visiting scholar with the University of Sheffield, Sheffield, U.K. His research interests include image processing, system identification and control, neural networks, and cognitive science.

Victor C.M. Leung is the Dean of the Artificial Intelligence Research Institute and a Professor of Engineering at Shenzhen MSU-BIT University, China, a Distinguished Professor of Computer Science and Software Engineering at Shenzhen University, China, and an Emeritus Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Director of the Laboratory for Wireless Networks and Mobile Systems at the University of British Columbia (UBC), Canada. His research is in the broad areas of wireless networks and mobile systems, and he has published widely in these areas. His published works have together attracted more than 80,000 citations. He was named in the Clarivate Analytics list of “Highly Cited Researchers” for several years. Dr. Leung is serving on the editorial boards of the IEEE Transactions on Green Communications and Networking, IEEE Transactions on Computational Social Systems, and several other journals. He received the 1977 APEBC Gold Medal, 1977-1981 NSERC Postgraduate Scholarships, IEEE Vancouver Section Centennial Award, 2011 UBC Killam Research Prize, 2017 Canadian Award for Telecommunications Research, 2018 IEEE TCGCC Distinguished Technical Achievement Recognition Award, and 2018 ACM MSWiM Reginald Fessenden Award. He co-authored papers that were selected for the 2017 IEEE ComSoc Fred W. Ellersick Prize, 2017 IEEE Systems Journal Best Paper Award, 2018 IEEE CSIM Best Journal Paper Award, and 2019 IEEE TCGCC Best Journal Paper Award. He is a Life Fellow of IEEE, and a Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada (Academy of Science), Canadian Academy of Engineering, and Engineering Institute of Canada.

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Abstract

This comprehensive survey paper examines the applications of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV)-enabled wireless networks. With the increasing demand for efficient and adaptive communication systems, the integration of AI with UAV networks promises to revolutionize various aspects of wireless communication. The paper first outlines the background and motivation behind AI integration, highlighting the potential for enhanced network performance, autonomy, and adaptability. It then delves into the key AI applications across different network layers, including data sensing and collection, placement and trajectory optimization, radio resource management, routing and topology control, edge computing and caching, as well as security and privacy enhancement. For each application, the paper discusses relevant AI techniques, main findings, optimization objects, and the potential benefits and challenges. The survey also identifies open issues, such as the practical implementation gap, standardization issues, and real-world application barriers, and proposes future directions to address these challenges and further advance the field. In conclusion, the integration of AI with UAV-enabled Wireless Networks (UWNs) holds tremendous potential for transforming wireless communication, enabling new applications and services with unprecedented capabilities.

Keywords

Artificial intelligence (AI) / Machine learning (ML) / Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) / Wireless network

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Li Zhou, Hao Yin, Haitao Zhao, Jibo Wei, Dewen Hu, Victor C.M. Leung. A comprehensive survey of artificial intelligence applications in UAV-enabled wireless networks^✩. , 2026, 12 (4) : 561-583 DOI:10.1016/j.dcan.2024.11.005

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CRediT authorship contribution statement

Li Zhou: Writing – review & editing, Writing – original draft, Methodology, Investigation, Funding acquisition, Formal analysis, Data curation, Conceptualization. Hao Yin: Supervision, Methodology. Haitao Zhao: Resources, Methodology, Investigation. Jibo Wei: Methodology, Investigation. Dewen Hu: Supervision, Resources, Methodology. Victor C.M. Leung: Supervision, Resources, Methodology, Conceptualization.

Declaration of competing interest

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest regarding the publication of this manuscript. We have no financial or personal relationships with other people or organizations that could inappropriately influence our work. Additionally, we confirm that no external funding was received for the conduct of this research or the preparation of this manuscript, and there are no commercial interests related to the materials discussed in this paper.

Acknowledgements

This work was supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 62171449.

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