Which characteristics are associated with changes in medication status for lower urinary tract symptoms among patients with prostate cancer receiving external beam radiotherapy?

Abstract

Background: We clarified the predictive factors for changes in the status of medications for lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) 2 years after local radiotherapy for nonmetastatic prostate cancer.

Materials and methods: We retrospectively included patients who underwent local external radiotherapy for nonmetastatic prostate cancer in 8 institutions between April 2001 and March 2016. Patients were divided into the medication and no-medication group based on the use of drugs for LUTS before radiotherapy. We defined improvement of LUTS as when the patient did not require medication for LUTS at 24 months after radiotherapy in the medication group and as deterioration when medication was required in the no-medication group. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate predictive factors for changes in medication status.

Results: Altogether, 505 patients were divided into a no-medication group (n = 352) and a medication group (n = 153). The number of patients with deterioration and improvement in LUTS was 49 (14%) and 36 (23%), respectively. In the multivariate analysis, the predictive variables for deterioration were the International Prostate Symptom Score (≥8; odds ratio [OR], 2.21; p = 0.014) and the biopsy Gleason score (≤3 + 4 = 7; OR, 2.430; p = 0.008) in the no-medication group, whereas those for improvement were age (<75 years old; OR, 5.81; p = 0.002), the quality of life score (<3; OR, 3.15; p = 0.028), and a positive biopsy core rate (≥50%; OR, 2.530; p = 0.027) in the medication group.

Conclusions: These predictive factors for changes in the status of medications for LUTS at 2 years after external radiotherapy may help determine the definitive therapy for nonmetastatic prostate cancer.

Keywords

Prostate cancer / Radiotherapy / Lower urinary tract symptoms / Medications

Acknowledgments

The authors thank Mr. Kim Barrymore for his advice on the English usage in this article.

Statement of ethics

The study was approved by the institutional review board of our institution (ID: 322-251), with local approval from provided by the other participating centers. All participants provided opt-out for their participation and publication of this study. All procedures performed in this study involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

Conflicts of interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Funding source

None.

Author contributions

YK, KH, AT, FF, KK, TT, NM: Study conception and design;

YK, TM, KT, TM, SK, TK, TK, MO: Data acquisition;

YK, KH: Literature research, manuscript writing and manuscript editing;

KH, NM: Manuscript revision;

YK, SH: Data analysis and interpretation.

Data availability

The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are not publicly available, but are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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