Hollow Multi-shelled Structure Photoelectric Materials: Multiple Shells Bring Novel Properties

Abstract

Hollow multi-shelled structures (HoMS) have made significant strides across a wide spectrum of scientific investigations since the inception of the sequential templating approach (STA) in 2009, revealing distinctive temporal-spatial ordering properties. The recent establishment of a mathematical model for STA has not only demystified the formation of concentration waves within the STA process but also extended its relevance to gentler solution-based systems, thereby broadening the HoMS landscape. Herein, focusing on photoelectric applications, this review first summarizes the unique temporal-spatial ordering features of HoMS. Subsequentially, the greatly enhanced properties of light capture and absorption, exciton separation, and transfer are deeply discussed. Finally, we conclude with a perspective on the potential challenges and burgeoning opportunities that lie ahead in the advancement of HoMS development.

Keywords

Hollow multi-shelled structure / Photoelectric conversion / Sequential templating approach / Light absorption / Charge transfer

References

[1] Mao D, Wan J, Wang J, Wang D. . Adv. Mater., 2018, 31: 1802874,

[2] Wang J, Wan J, Yang N, Li Q, Wang D. . Nat. Rev. Chem., 2020, 4: 159,

[3] Wang J, Wan J, Wang D. . Acc. Chem. Res., 2019, 52: 2169,

[4] Wang J, Tang H, Wang H, Yu R, Wang D. . Mater. Chem. Front., 2017, 1: 414,

[5] Zhu M, Tang J, Wei W, Li S. . Mater. Chem. Front., 2020, 4: 1105,

[6] Zhao J, Yang M, Yang N, Wang J, Wang D. . Chem. Res. Chinese Universities, 2020, 36: 313,

[7] Wang Z, Yang N, Wang D. . Chem. Sci., 2020, 11: 5359,

[8] Wei Y, Wan J, Yang N, Yang Y, Ma Y, Wang S, Wang J, Yu R, Gu L, Wang L, Wang L, Huang W, Wang D. . Natl. Sci. Rev., 2020, 7: 1638,

[9] Wei Y, You F, Zhao D, Wan J, Gu L, Wang D. . Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2022, 61: e202212049,

[10] Zhao D, Yang N, Wei Y, Jin Q, Wang Y, He H, Yang Y, Han B, Zhang S, Wang D. . Nat. Commun., 2020, 11: 4450,

[11] Han W, Wei Y, Wan J, Nakagawa N, Wang D. . Inorg. Chem., 2022, 61: 5397,

[12] Wang Z, Qi J, Yang N, Yu R, Wang D. . Mater. Chem. Front, 2021, 5: 1126,

[13] Wei Y, Wan J, Wang J, Zhang X, Yu R, Yang N, Wang D. . Small, 2021, 17: 2005345,

[14] Pei J, Yang L, Lin J, Zhang Z, Sun Z, Wang D, Chen W. . Angew., Chem. Int. Ed., 2023, 63: e202316123,

[15] Shang H, Zhou X, Dong J, Li A, Zhao X, Liu Q, Lin Y, Pei J, Li Z, Jiang Z, Zhou D, Zheng L, Wang Y, Zhou J, Yang Z, Cao R, Sarangi R, Sun T, Yang X, Zheng X, Yan W, Zhuang Z, Li J, Chen W, Wang D, Zhang J, Li Y. . Nat. Commun., 2020, 11: 3049,

[16] Xu R-G, Yao J-X, Lai X-Y, Mao D, Xing C-J, Wang D. . Chem. Res. Chinese Universities, 2009, 25: 95,

[17] Huang T, Yang M, Wang J, Zhang Sh, Du J, Wang D. . Chem. J. Chinese Universities, 2023, 44: 20220276

[18] Gao S, Wang N, Li S, Li D, Cui Z, Yue G, Liu J, Zhao X, Jiang L, Zhao Y. . Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2020, 59: 2465,

[19] Salhabi E H M, Zhao J, Wang J, Yang M, Wang B, Wang D. . Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2019, 58: 9078,

[20] Zhang J, Wan J, Wang J, Ren H, Yu R, Gu L, Liu Y, Feng S, Wang D. . Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2019, 58: 5266,

[21] Bi R, Xu N, Ren H, Yang N, Sun Y, Cao A, Yu R, Wang D. . Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2020, 59: 4865,

[22] Zhang X, Bi R, Wang J, Zheng M, Wang J, Yu R, Wang D. . Adv. Mater., 2023, 35: 2209354,

[23] Bi R, Zhao J, Wang J, Yu R, Wang D. . Chem J. Chinese Universities, 2023, 44: 20220453

[24] Wu Y, Du H, Zhu J, Xu N, Zhou L, Mai L. . Chem J. Chinese Universities, 2023, 44: 20220689

[25] Wu Z, Li Z, Chou S, Liang X. . Chem. Res. Chinese Universities, 2023, 39: 283,

[26] Zhao X, Yang M, Wang J, Wang D. . Chem. Res. Chinese Universities, 2023, 39: 630,

[27] Li M, Mao D, Wan J, Wang F, Zhai T, Wang D. . Inorg. Chem. Front., 2019, 6: 1968,

[28] Lai X, Li J, Korgel B A, Dong Z, Li Z, Su F, Du J, Wang D. . Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2011, 50: 2738,

[29] Xu J, Yao X, Wei W, Wang Z, Yu R. . Mater. Res. Bull., 2017, 87: 214,

[30] Wu C, Zhang X, Ning B, Yang J, Xie Y. . Inorg. Chem., 2009, 48: 6044,

[31] Sun X M, Li Y D. . Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2004, 43: 3827,

[32] Li Z M, Lai X Y, Wang H, Mao D, Xing C J, Wang D. . J. Phys. Chem. C, 2009, 113: 2792,

[33] Wei Y, Cheng Y, Zhao D, Feng Y, Wei P, Wang J, Ge W, Wang D. . Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2023, 62: e202302621,

[34] Wang L, Wan J, Zhao Y, Yang N, Wang D. . J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2019, 141: 2238,

[35] Wang Z., Wei Y., Qi J., Wan J., Wang Z., Yu R., Wang D., Adv. Funct. Mater., 2024, 2316547.

[36] Wei Y, Li J, Zhao D, Zhao Y, Zhang Q, Gu L, Wan J, Wang D. . CCS Chemistry, 2024, 1: 1

[37] Yang D, Ma D. . Adv. Opt. Mater, 2018, 7: 1800522,

[38] Mihi A, Zhang C, Braun P V. . Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2011, 50: 5711,

[39] Du X, Zhang Q, He Z, Lin H, Yang G, Chen Z, Zheng C, Tao S. . Chin. Chem. Lett., 2023, 34: 107641,

[40] Wei Y, Zhao D, Wan J, Wang D. . Trends Chem., 2022, 4: 1021,

[41] Zhang P, Lou X W. . Adv. Mater., 2019, 31: 1900281,

[42] Wang L, Wan J, Wang J, Wang D. . Small Struct., 2020, 2: 2000041,

[43] Bi R, Mao D, Wang J, Yu R, Wang D. . Acta Chim. Sinica, 2020, 78: 1200,

[44] Wang J, Cui Y, Wang D. . Adv. Mater., 2019, 31: 1801993,

[45] Wang C, Wang J, Hu W, Wang D. . Chem. Res. Chinese Universities, 2020, 36: 68,

[46] Yang H G, Zeng H C. . J. Phys. Chem. B, 2004, 108: 3492,

[47] Liu B, Zeng H C. . Small, 2005, 1: 566,

[48] Lou X W, Wang Y, Yuan C, Lee J Y, Archer L A. . Adv. Mater., 2006, 18: 2325,

[49] Yin Y D, Rioux R M, Erdonmez C K, Hughes S, Somorjai G A, Alivisatos A P. . Science, 2004, 304: 711,

[50] Fan H J, Goesele U, Zacharias M. . Small, 2007, 3: 1660,

[51] Wang C, Xu Z, Liu R. . Chem. Res. Chinese Universities, 2008, 24: 249,

[52] Bao N, Shen L, Takata T, Domen K. . Chem. Mater., 2008, 20: 110,

[53] Guan B Y, Yu L, Wang X, Song S, Lou X W. . Adv. Mater., 2017, 29: 1605051,

[54] Lee J, Park J C, Song H. . Adv. Mater., 2008, 20: 1523,

[55] Chen Y, Chen H, Guo L, He Q, Chen F, Zhou J, Feng J, Shi J. . ACS Nano, 2010, 4: 529,

[56] Zeng H, Cai W, Liu P, Xu X, Zhou H, Klingshirn C, Kalt H. . ACS Nano, 2008, 2: 1661,

[57] Yu R, Li Z, Wang D, Xing C, Lai X, Xing X. . Chem. Res. Chinese Universities, 2009, 25: 963

[58] Wang J, Tang H, Zhang L, Ren H, Yu R, Jin Q, Qi J, Mao D, Yang M, Wang Y, Liu P, Zhang Y, Wen Y, Gu L, Ma G, Su Z, Tang Z, Zhao H, Wang D. . Nat. Energy, 2016, 1: 16050,

[59] Zhu Y, Yang M, Huang Q, Wang D, Yu R, Wang J, Zheng Z, Wang D. . Adv. Mater., 2020, 32: 1906205,

[60] Zhan S, Chen X, Xu B, Wang L, Tong L, Yu R, Yang N, Wang D. . Nano Today, 2022, 47: 101626,

[61] Li B, Wang J, Bi R, Yang N, Wan J, Jiang H, Gu L, Du J, Cao A, Gao W, Wang D. . Adv. Mater., 2022, 34: 2200206,

[62] Hou P, Li D, Yang N, Wan J, Zhang C, Zhang X, Jiang H, Zhang Q, Gu L, Wang D. . Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2021, 60: 6926,

[63] Wei Y, Yang N, Huang K, Wan J, You F, Yu R, Feng S, Wang D. . Adv. Mater., 2020, 32: 2002556,

[64] Takanabe K. . ACS Catalysis, 2017, 7: 8006,

[65] Long M, Wang P, Fang H, Hu W. . Adv. Funct. Mater., 2018, 29: 1803807,

[66] Restat L, Messmer C, Heydarian M, Heydarian M, Schoen J, Schubert M C, Glunz S W. . Solar Rrl, 2024, 8: 2300887,

[67] Zheng L X, Hu K, Teng F, Fang X S. . Small, 2017, 13: 1602448,

[68] Zhang P, Luan D Y, Lou X W. . Adv. Mater., 2020, 32: 2004561,

[69] Wang Y, Wang S B, Zhang S L, Lou X W. . Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2020, 59: 11918,

[70] Hu L F, Chen M, Shan W Z, Zhan T R, Liao M Y, Fang X S, Hu X H, Wu L M. . Adv. Mater., 2012, 24: 5872,

[71] Zhao H, Chen J F, Zhao Y, Jiang L, Sun J W, Yun J. . Adv. Mater., 2008, 20: 3682,

[72] Xiao Y, Gao Z, Wu D, Jiang Y, Liu N, Jiang K. . Chem. Res. Chinese Universities, 2011, 27: 919

[73] Lien D H, Dong Z, Retamal J R D, Wang H P, Wei T C, Wang D, He J H, Cui Y. . Adv. Mater., 2018, 30: 1801972,

[74] Korotin M A, Anisimov V I, Khomskii D I, Sawatzky G A. . Phys. Rev. Lett., 1998, 80: 4305,

[75] Huang K, Geng Z, Sun Y, Feng S. . Sci. Bull., 2018, 63: 203,

[76] Huang R, Lin J, Zhou J, Fan E, Zhang X, Chen R, Wu F, Li L. . Small, 2021, 17: 2007597,

[77] Li S-L, Tsukagoshi K, Orgiu E, Samori P. . Chem. Soc. Rev., 2016, 45: 118,

[78] Sawatzky G A, Allen J W. . Phys. Rev. Lett., 1984, 53: 2339,

[79] Peng S, Gong F, Li L, Yu D, Ji D, Zhang T, Hu Z, Zhang Z, Chou S, Du Y, Ramakrishna S. . J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2018, 140: 13644,

[80] Dong Z, Lai X, Halpert J E, Yang N, Y L, Zhai J, Wang D, Tang Z, Jiang L. . Adv. Mater., 2012, 24: 1046,

[81] Dong Z, Ren H, Hessel C M, Wang J, Yu R, Jin Q, Yang M, Hu Z, Chen Y, Tang Z, Zhao H, Wang D. . Adv. Mater., 2013, 26: 905,

[82] Chen M, Hu L, Xu J, Liao M, Wu L, Fang X. . Small, 2011, 7: 2449,

[83] Wang X, Liao M, Zhong Y, Zheng J Y, Tian W, Zhai T, Zhi C, Ma Y, Yao J, Bando Y, Golberg D. . Adv. Mater., 2012, 24: 3421,

[84] Du Z, Fu D, Teng J, Wang L, Gao F, Yang W, Zhang H, Fang X. . Small, 2019, 15: e1905253,

[85] Jeong H, Song H, Pak Y, Kwon I K, Jo K, Lee H, Jung G Y. . Adv. Mater., 2014, 26: 3445,

[86] Ouyang W X, Teng F, Fang X S. . Adv. Funct. Mater., 2018, 28: 1707178,

[87] Chen X, Yang H, Liu G, Gao F, Dai M, Hu Y, Chen H, Cao W, Hu P, Hu W. . Adv. Funct. Mater., 2018, 28: 1705153,

[88] Wang X, Liao M Y, Zhong Y T, Zheng J Y, Tian W, Zhai T Y, Zhi C Y, Ma Y, Yao J N A, Bando Y, Golberg D. . Adv. Mater., 2012, 24: 3421,

[89] Chen M, Ye C Y, Zhou S X, Wu L M. . Adv. Mater., 2013, 25: 5343,

[90] Tian W, Zhang C, Zhai T Y, Li S L, Wang X, Liao M Y, Tsukagoshi K, Golberg D, Bando Y. . Chem. Commun., 2013, 49: 3739,

[91] Han W, Wang Y, Wan J, Wang D. . Chem. Res. Chinese Universities, 2022, 38: 117,

[92] Pan X, Zhang J, Zhou H, Liu R, Wu D, Wang R, Shen L, Tao L, Zhang J, Wang H. . Nano-Micro Lett., 2021, 13: 70,

[93] Deng K, Liu Z, Wang M, Li L. . Adv. Funct. Mater., 2019, 29: 1900830,

[94] Wang H, Jiang R, Sun M, Yin X, Guo Y, He M, Wang L. . J. Mater. Chem. C, 2019, 7: 1948,

[95] Nai J, Lou X W. . Adv. Mater., 2019, 31: 1706825,

[96] Zhang P, Lu X F, Luan D, Lou X W. . Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2020, 59: 8128,

[97] Li L, Dai X Y, Chen D L, Zeng Y X, Hu Y, Lou X W. . Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2022, 61: e202205839,

[98] Zhang P, Guan B Y, Yu L, Lou X W. . Chem., 2018, 4: 162,