Uniform carbon coating and solid electrolyte interphase synergistically enhanced exceptional anodic K-ion storage properties of stable KTiOPO₄ single crystals

Abstract

Searching for low-cost, high-capacity, high-power, high-stability, high-tapdensity, and inherently safe materials for developing cheap, safe, and highperformance batteries has always been a research hotspot. Herein, an inherently safe, low-cost, and low-strain KTiOPO₄ (KTOP) submicron single crystals with a uniform thin layer carbon coating are developed using a ball-mill assisted solid-state method. Uniform solid electrolyte interphase, carbon coating, and inherently stable structure synergistically help compact KTOP submicron single crystals achieve an exceptional anodic K-ion storage performance. The carbon-coated KTOP single crystals obtained under the carbonization temperature of 400°C (KTOP-C-400) can deliver an exceptional potassium ion storage performance of 253.3, 224.0, 175.5, and 131.1mA h g^–1 at the current density of 100, 200, 500, and 1000 mA g^–1, respectively, in the electrolyte of 5M potassium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (KFSI) in DIGLYME electrolytes. Even after being cycled at 1000 mA g^–1 for 1000 cycles, the capacity was maintained at 182.5 mAh g^–1 with a coulombic efficiency of 99.9%.

Keywords

anode materials / ball-milling assisted solid-state method / polyanionic compounds / potassium-ion batteries / potassium titanium oxide phosphate

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RIGHTS & PERMISSIONS

2024 The Author(s). Carbon Neutralization published by Wenzhou University and John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd.