Optimization of water-urban-agricultural-ecological land use pattern: A case study of Guanzhong Basin in the southern Loess Plateau of Shaanxi Province, China

Abstract

Extensive land use will cause many environmental problems. It is an urgent task to improve land use efficiency and optimize land use patterns. In recent years, due to the flow decrease, the Guanzhong Basin in Shaanxi Province is confronted with the problem of insufficient water resources reserve. Based on the Coupled Ground-Water and Surface-Water Flow Model (GSFLOW), this paper evaluates the response of water resources in the basin to changes in land use patterns, optimizes the land use pattern, improves the ecological and economic benefits, and the efficiency of various spatial development, providing a reference for ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin. The research shows that the land use pattern in the Guanzhong Basin should be further optimized. Under the condition of considering ecological and economic development, the percentage change of the optimum area of farmland, forest, grassland, water area, and urban area compared with the current land use area ratio is +2.3, +2.4, −6.1, +0.2, and +1.6, respectively. The economic and ecological value of land increases by 14.1% and 3.1%, respectively, and the number of water resources can increase by 2.5%.

Keywords

Coupled Ground-Water and Surface-Water Flow / Model (GSFLOW) / Land use patterns / Water resources optimization / Ecological and economic benefits / Coupling model / Hydrological environmental engineering / Guanzhong Basin / Southern Loess Plateau / Yellow River basin

CRediT authorship contribution statement

Sai Wang and Bin Wu conceived the presented idea. Sai Wang established the surface water-groundwater coupling model and Bin Wu realized the optimization of land use pattern. Hai-Xue Li, Xi Wu, and Lei Yuan collected data and corrected the model. Shuang-bao Han and Fu-Cheng Li put forward the constraints and objectives of optimization. All authors discussed the results and contributed to the final

manuscript.

Declaration of competing interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Acknowledgment

This research was jointly supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41702280) and the projects of the China Geology Survey (DD20221754 and DD20190333).

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