Constructing an Urban Spatial Resilience Assessment Framework Based on Public Service Facilities: A Case Study of Beijing

Abstract

This paper takes Beijing as a research object to develop a framework for assessing urban public service facilities’ resilience, incorporating both macro and micro perspectives. Initially, the study utilizes spatial matching theory and coupling coordination models at the district and sub-district levels to analyze the spatial coupling between public service facility layouts and population distribution, thereby identifying regions exhibiting discrepancies in service supply and demand. Building on this foundation, the research further investigates at the neighborhood level the alignment between different types of public service facilities and residents’ daily activity patterns through the living circle theory and accessibility analysis models. From a macro perspective, research findings indicate that the layout of Beijing’s public service facilities exhibits a radial structure of centralized clustering and polycentric dispersion and that the resilience of these facilities diminishes from the city center outward. Microanalysis in three outlier sub-districts of Chaoyang District reveals that the accessibility to cultural and social welfare facilities in Daitou Sub-district is below the regional average and exceeds the typical 15-min walking distance accessible to the average person. Based on these findings, the paper proposes specific policy recommendations, including prioritizing the establishment of multifunctional public service facilities in densely populated and underserved peripheral areas and reserving adequate land for facilities in newly developing areas to ensure the sustainability of urban growth. Additionally, it is recommended that urban planners utilize dynamic data updating mechanisms to adjust the distribution of public service facilities, thereby better accommodating changes in population structure. This study not only highlights the dual role of public service facilities in enhancing urban resilience and living quality but also provides theoretical support and empirical evidence for creating a human-centered urban resilience spatial structure.

Keywords

Urban resilience / Public service facilities / Coupling coordination degree / The living circle theory / The accessibility evaluation

Author Contributions

Conceptualization, M.H., S.X., Z.Z. and J.W.; Methodology, M.H., S.X., J.W.; Software, M.H., S.X.; Validation, M.H., J.W.; Formal Analysis, M.H., S.X., Z.Z.; Investigation, M.H., S.X.; Resources, M.H., S.X.; Data Curation, M.H., S.X., Z.Z.; Writing—Original Draft Preparation, M.H., S.X., Z.Z. and J.W.; Writing—Review & Editing, M.H., S.X., Z.Z. and J.W.; Visualization, M.H., S.X. and Z.Z.; Supervision, J.W.; Project Administration, S.X. and J.W.; Funding Acquisition, S.X. and J.W. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

Ethics Statement

Not applicable.

Informed Consent Statement

Informed consent was obtained from all subjects involved in the study.

Data Availability Statement

All the data used for several analyses are freely available and resources are mentioned within the paper.

Funding

This research is sponsored by the Shanghai Office of Philosophy and Social Sciences Grant (2023BCK009).

Declaration of Competing Interest

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

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