Insights on advanced g-C₃N₄ in energy storage: Applications, challenges, and future

Abstract

Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C₃N₄) is a highly recognized two-dimensional semiconductor material known for its exceptional chemical and physical stability, environmental friendliness, and pollution-free advantages. These remarkable properties have sparked extensive research in the field of energy storage. This review paper presents the latest advances in the utilization of g-C₃N₄ in various energy storage technologies, including lithium-ion batteries, lithium-sulfur batteries, sodium-ion batteries, potassium-ion batteries, and supercapacitors. One of the key strengths of g-C₃N₄ lies in its simple preparation process along with the ease of optimizing its material structure. It possesses abundant amino and Lewis basic groups, as well as a high density of nitrogen, enabling efficient charge transfer and electrolyte solution penetration. Moreover, the graphite-like layered structure and the presence of large π bonds in g-C₃N₄ contribute to its versatility in preparing multifunctional materials with different dimensions, element and group doping, and conjugated systems. These characteristics open up possibilities for expanding its application in energy storage devices. This article comprehensively reviews the research progress on g-C₃N₄ in energy storage and highlights its potential for future applications in this field. By exploring the advantages and unique features of g-C₃N₄, this paper provides valuable insights into harnessing the full potential of this material for energy storage applications.

Keywords

g-C ₃N ₄ / lithium-ion batteries / lithium-sulfur batteries / potassium-ion batteries / sodium-ion batteries / supercapacitors

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