Timoshenko beam under finite and dynamic transformations: Lagrangian coordinates and Hamiltonian structures

Oscar Cosserat , Loïc Le Marrec

Communications in Analysis and Mechanics ›› 2026, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (1) : 37 -69.

PDF (409KB)
Communications in Analysis and Mechanics ›› 2026, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (1) :37 -69. DOI: 10.3934/cam.2026002
Research article
research-article
Timoshenko beam under finite and dynamic transformations: Lagrangian coordinates and Hamiltonian structures
Author information +
History +
PDF (409KB)

Abstract

In the framework of Timoshenko beam, the material parameters were inherently prescribed on the material moving frame. In this regard, we derived the strong and weak formulations of the dynamics under finite transformation in Lagrangian coordinates. Accordingly, analytical mechanics tools were used to deduce a new Hamiltonian formulation of the model which proved to be remarkably simple and synthetic.

Keywords

Timoshenko beam / geometrically exact formulation / large transformation / Lagrangian coordinates / Hamiltonian mechanics / Poisson brackets

Cite this article

Download citation ▾
Oscar Cosserat, Loïc Le Marrec. Timoshenko beam under finite and dynamic transformations: Lagrangian coordinates and Hamiltonian structures. Communications in Analysis and Mechanics, 2026, 18 (1) : 37-69 DOI:10.3934/cam.2026002

登录浏览全文

4963

注册一个新账户 忘记密码

References

[1]

L. Euler, Methodus inveniendi lineas curvas maximi minimive proprietate gaudentes, apud Marcum-Michaelem Bousquet, 1744.

[2]

R. Levien, The elastica: a mathematical history, Tech. Rep. UCB/EECS-2008-103, 2008. http://www2.eecs.berkeley.edu/Pubs/TechRpts/2008/EECS-2008-103.html

[3]

I. Elishakoff, Who developed the so-called Timoshenko beam theory? Math. Mech. Solids, 25 (2020), 97-116. https://doi.org/10.1177/1081286519856931

[4]

S. P. Timoshenko, LXVI. on the correction for shear of the differential equation for transverse vibrations of prismatic bars, Lond. Edinb. Dubl. Phil. Mag., 41 (1921), 744-746. https://doi.org/10.1080/14786442108636264

[5]

P. D. Simão, Influence of shear deformations on the buckling of columns using the Generalized Beam Theory and energy principles, Eur. J. Mech. A Solids, 61 (2017), 216-234. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euromechsol.2016.09.015

[6]

B. V. Sankar, An elasticity solution for functionally graded beams, Compos. Sci. Technol., 61 (2001), 689-696. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0266-3538(01)00007-0

[7]

L. Rakotomanana, Eléments de dynamique des solides et structures déformables, PPUR Presses polytechniques, 2009.

[8]

L. Le Marrec, J. Lerbet, L. R. Rakotomanana, Vibration of a Timoshenko beam supporting arbitrary large pre-deformation, Acta Mech, 229 (2018), 109-132. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00707-017-1953-x

[9]

Z. P. Bažant, M. Jirásek, Nonlocal integral formulations of plasticity and damage: Survey of progress, J. Eng. Mech, 128 (2002), 1119-1149. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9399(2002)128:11(1119)

[10]

C. M. Wang, Y. Y. Zhang, S. S. Ramesh, S. Kitipornchai, Buckling analysis of micro- and nano-rods/tubes based on nonlocal Timoshenko beam theory, J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys., 39 (2006), 3904. https://doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/39/17/029

[11]

M. Spagnuolo, U. Andreaus, A targeted review on large deformations of planar elastic beams: extensibility, distributed loads, buckling and post-buckling, Math. Mech. Solids, 24 (2019), 258-280. https://doi.org/10.1177/1081286517737000

[12]

M. Hariz, L. Le Marrec, J. Lerbet, Explicit analysis of large transformation of a Timoshenko beam: post-buckling solution, bifurcation, and catastrophes, Acta Mech, 232 (2021), 3565-3589. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00707-021-02993-8

[13]

P. Koutsogiannakis, D. Bigoni, F. Dal Corso, Double restabilization and design of force-displacement response of the extensible elastica with movable constraints, Eur. J. Mech. A Solids, 100 (2023), 104745. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euromechsol.2022.104745

[14]

M. Hariz, L. Le Marrec, J. Lerbet, Buckling of Timoshenko beam under two-parameter elastic foundations, Int. J. Solids Struct., 244-245 (2022), 111-583. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2022.111583

[15]

E. Reissner, On one-dimensional large-displacement finite-strain beam theory, Stud. Appl. Math., 52 (1973), 87-95. https://doi.org/10.1002/sapm197352287

[16]

E. Reissner, On one-dimensional finite-strain beam theory: the plane problem, Z. Angew. Math. Phys., 23 (1972), 795-804.

[17]

A. B. Whitman, C. N. DeSilva, An exact solution in a nonlinear theory of rods, J Elasticity, 4 (1974), 265-280. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00048610

[18]

J. C. Simo, A finite strain beam formulation. The three-dimensional dynamic problem. Part I, Comput. Methods Appl. Mech. Eng., 49 (1985), 55-70. https://doi.org/10.1016/0045-7825(85)90050-7

[19]

P. Mata, A. Barbat, S. Oller, R. Boroschek, Inelastic Analysis of Geometrically Exact Rods, Centre Internacional de Métodes Numèrics en Enginyeria (CIMNE), 2007. https://doi.org/10.13140/2.1.1068.5764

[20]

M. M. Attard, Finite strain-beam theory, Int. J. Solids Struct., 40 (2003), 4563-4584. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0020-7683(03)00216-6

[21]

E. Cosserat, F. Cosserat, Théorie des Corps Déformables, Nature, 81 (1909), 67. https://doi.org/10.1038/081067a0

[22]

R. K. Kapania, J. Li, On a geometrically exact curved/twisted beam theory under rigid cross-section assumption, Comput Mech, 30 (2023), 428-443. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00466-003-0421-8

[23]

R. K. Kapania, J. Li, A formulation and implementation of geometrically exact curved beam elements incorporating finite strains and finite rotations, Comput Mech, 30 (2003), 444-459. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00466-003-0422-7

[24]

F. Auricchio, P. Carotenuto, On the geometrically exact beam model: A consistent, effective and simple derivation from three-dimensional finite-elasticity, Int. J. Solids Struct., 45 (2008), 4766-4781. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2008.04.015

[25]

M. Yilmaz, M. Omurtag, Large deflection of 3D curved rods: An objective formulation with principal axes transformations, Comput. Struct., 163 (2016), 71-82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruc.2015.10.010

[26]

F. Gruttmann, R. Sauer, W. Wagner, Theory and numerics of three-dimensional beams with elastoplastic material behaviour, Internat. J. Numer. Methods Engrg., 48 (2000), 1675-1702. https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-0207(20000830)48:12<1675::AID-NME957>3.0.CO;2-6

[27]

S. Levyakov, Formulation of a geometrically nonlinear 3D beam finite element based on kinematic-group approach, Appl. Math. Model., 39 (2015), 6207-6222. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apm.2015.01.064

[28]

P. de Mattos Pimenta, S. Maassen, C. da Costa e Silva, J. Schröder, A Fully Nonlinear Beam Model of Bernoulli-Euler Type, Springer International Publishing, Cham, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-33520-5_5

[29]

C. da Costa e Silva, S. F. Maassen, P. M. Pimenta, J. Schröder, A simple finite element for the geometrically exact analysis of Bernoulli-Euler rods, Comput Mech, 65 (2020), 905-923. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00466-019-01800-5

[30]

C. da Costa e Silva, S. F. Maassen, P. M. Pimenta, J. Schröder, On the simultaneous use of simple geometrically exact shear-rigid rod and shell finite elements, Comput Mech, 67 (2021), 867-881. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00466-020-01967-2

[31]

H. Murakami, Development of an active curved beam model - part i: Kinematics and integrability conditions, J. Appl. Mech., 86 (2017), 061002. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4036308

[32]

H. Murakami, Development of an active curved beam model - part ii: Kinetics and internal activation, J. Appl. Mech., 86 (2017), 061003. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4036317

[33]

C. Lanczos, The variational principles of mechanics, in: Mathematical Expositions, University of Toronto Press, 1949. https://doi.org/10.3138/9781487583057

[34]

K. Satō, On the governing equations for vibration and stability of a Timoshenko beam: Hamilton’s principle, J Sound Vib, 145 (1991), 338-340. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:119965926

[35]

J. E. Marsden, T. S. Ratiu, Introduction to mechanics and symmetry: A basic exposition of classical mechanical systems, in: Texts in Applied Mathematics, Springer New York, NY, 1999. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-21792-5

[36]

M. Chadha, M. D. Todd, An introductory treatise on reduced balance laws of Cosserat beams, Int. J. Solids Struct., 126-127 (2017), 54-73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2017.07.028

[37]

A. Ibrahimbegovic, R. L. Taylor, On the role of frame-invariance in structural mechanics models at finite rotations, Comput. Methods Appl. Mech. Eng., 191 (2002), 5159-5176. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0045-7825(02)00442-5

[38]

J. C. Simo, L. Vu-Quoc, A Geometrically-exact rod model incorporating shear and torsion-warping deformation, Int. J. Solids Struct., 27 (1991), 371-393. https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-7683(91)90089-X

[39]

J. C. Simo, J. E. Marsden, P. S. Krishnaprasad, The Hamiltonian structure of nonlinear elasticity: The material and convective representations of solids, rods, and plates, Arch. Rational Mech. Anal., 104 (1988), 125-183. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00251673

[40]

Z. P. Bažant, L. Cedolin, Stability of Structures, WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2010. https://www.worldscientific.com/doi/pdf/10.1142/7828

[41]

M. Chadha, M. D. Todd, Poisson bracket formulation of a higher-order, geometrically-exact beam, Appl. Math. Lett., 113 (2021), 106842. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aml.2020.106842

[42]

J. C. Simo, N. Tarnow, M. Doblare, nonlinear dynamics of three-dimensional rods: Exact energy and momentum conserving algorithms, Internat. J. Numer. Methods Engrg., 38 (1995), 1431-1473. https://doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620380903

[43]

M. A. Crisfield, G. Jelenić, Objectivity of strain measures in the geometrically exact three-dimensional beam theory and its finite-element implementation, Proc. R. Soc. Lond. A., 455 (1999), 1125-1147. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspa.1999.0352

[44]

S. Ghosh, D. Roy, Consistent quaternion interpolation for objective finite element approximation of geometrically exact beam, Comput. Methods Appl. Mech. Eng., 198 (2008), 555-571. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cma.2008.09.004

[45]

S. Ghosh, D. Roy, Consistent quaternion interpolation for objective finite element approximation of geometrically exact beam, Comput Mech, 44 (2009), 103-118. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00466-008-0358-z

[46]

F. Demoures, F. Gay-Balmaz, S. Leyendecker, S. Ober-Blöbaum, T. S. Ratiu, Y. Weinand, Discrete variational Lie group formulation of geometrically exact beam dynamics, Numer. Math., 130 (2015), 73-123. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00211-014-0659-4

[47]

S. Hante, D. Tumiotto, M. Arnold, A Lie group variational integration approach to the full discretization of a constrained geometrically exact Cosserat beam model, Multibody Syst Dyn, 54 (2002), 97-123. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11044-021-09807-8

[48]

M. Herrmann, P. Kotyczka, Relative-kinematic formulation of geometrically exact beam dynamics based on lie-group variational integrators, 2024. https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4163759/v1

[49]

P. Zhong, G. Huang, G. Yang, Frame-invariance in finite element formulations of geometrically exact rods, Appl. Math. Mech., 37 (2016), 1669-1688. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10483-016-2147-8

[50]

M. Hariz, L. Le Marrec, J. Lerbet, Analysis of one-dimensional structure using Lie groups approach, Math. Mech. Complex Syst., 12 (2024), 333-358. https://doi.org/10.2140/memocs.2024.12.333

[51]

J. Lerbet, Intrinsic formulation of dynamics of curvilinear systems, Volume 6: 5th International Conference on Multibody Systems, Nonlinear Dynamics, and Control, Parts A, B, and C, USA, 2005. https://doi.org/10.1115/DETC2005-84127

[52]

J. Lerbet, General equations of curvilinear systems: A coordinate-free approach by using lie group theory, Mech. Res. Commun., 30 (2003), 505-512. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0093-6413(03)00028-4

[53]

P. A. Djondjorov, Invariant properties of Timoshenko beam equations, Int. J. Eng. Sci., 33 (1995), 2103-2114. https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-7225(95)00056-4

[54]

J. C. Simo, L. Vu-Quoc, A three-dimensional finite-strain rod model. part II: Computational aspects, Comput. Methods Appl. Mech. Eng., 58 (1986), 79-116. https://doi.org/10.1016/0045-7825(86)90079-4

[55]

A. Brugnoli, D. Alazard, V. Pommier-Budinger, D. Matignon, Port-Hamiltonian formulation and symplectic discretization of plate models Part I: Mindlin model for thick plates, Appl. Math. Model., 75 (2019), 940-960. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apm.2019.04.035

[56]

A. Bendimerad-Hohl, D. Matignon, G. Haine, L. Lefèvre, On Stokes-Lagrange and Stokes-Dirac representations for 1D distributed port-Hamiltonian systems, IFAC-PapersOnLine, 58 (2024), 238-243. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ifacol.2024.10.174

[57]

H. Poincaré, Sur une forme nouvelle des équations de la mécanique, CR Acad. Sci, 132 (1901), 369-371.

[58]

J. E. Marsden, T. S. Ratiu, A. Weinstein, Semidirect products and reduction in mechanics, Trans. Amer. Math. Soc., 281 (1984), 147-177. https://doi.org/10.2307/1999527

[59]

D. D. Holm, J. E. Marsden, T. S. Ratiu, The Euler-Poincaré equations and semidirect products with applications to continuum theoriesm, Adv. Math., 137 (1998), 1-81. https://doi.org/10.1006/aima.1998.1721

[60]

J. E. Marsden, T. S. Ratiu, A. Weinstein, Reduction and Hamiltonian structures on duals of semi-direct product Lie algebras, Cont. Math., 28 (1984), 55-100. https://doi.org/10.1090/conm/028

[61]

J. C. Simo, The (symmetric) Hessian for geometrically nonlinear models in solid mechanics: Intrinsic definition and geometric interpretation, Comput. Methods Appl. Mech. Engrg., 96 (1992), 189-200. https://doi.org/10.1016/0045-7825(92)90131-3

[62]

P. Libermann, C.-M. Marle, Symplectic geometry and analytical mechanics, in: Mathematics and Its Applications, Springer Dordrecht, 1987. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3807-6

[63]

J. N. Reddy, On the dynamic behaviour of the timoshenko beam finite elements, Sadhana, 24 (1999), 175- 198. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02745800

[64]

W. Hu, X. Xi, Z. Song, C. Zhang, Z. Deng, Coupling dynamic behaviors of axially moving cracked cantilevered beam subjected to transverse harmonic load, Mech. Syst. Sig. Process., 204 (2023), 110757. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ymssp.2023.110757

[65]

W. Hu, P. Cui, Z. Han, J. Yan, C. Zhang, Z. Deng, Coupling dynamic problem of a completely free weightless thick plate in geostationary orbit, Appl. Math. Model., 137 (2025), 115628. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apm.2024.07.035

[66]

M. Xu, W. Hu, Z. Han, H. Bai, Z. Deng, C. Zhang, Symmetry-breaking dynamics of a flexible hub-beam system rotating around an eccentric axis, Mech. Syst. Sig. Process., 222 (2025), 111757. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ymssp.2024.111757

PDF (409KB)

0

Accesses

0

Citation

Detail

Sections
Recommended

/

〈 〉