Nano-bio interactions between 2D nanomaterials and mononuclear phagocyte system cells

Abstract

Two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials, known for their unique atomic arrangements and exceptional physicochemical properties, have garnered significant attention in biomedical applications, particularly in the realms of immunotherapy for tissue engineering and tumor therapy. These applications necessitate a thorough assessment of the potential influence of 2D nanomaterials on immune cells. Notably, the mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS) cells, which play pivotal roles in both innate and adaptive immunity, are essential for maintaining organismal homeostasis. MPS cells with phagocytic capability contribute to the prevention of foreign body invasion and the elimination of dead or senescent cells. Furthermore, MPS cells, including macrophages and dendritic cells, serve as vital bridges between innate and adaptive immune responses. Therefore, understanding the nano-bio interactions between 2D nanomaterials and MPS cells is imperative. These nano-bio interactions including cellular uptake, cytocompatibility, and immunological impact are invaluable for the purposeful design of 2D nanomaterials. Herein, we provide an overview of the latest advancements in understanding the nano-bio interactions between 2D nanomaterials and MPS cells, and discuss the current challenges and future prospects of employing 2D nanomaterials in the field of nanomedicine.

Keywords

2D nanomaterials / cellular uptake / dendritic cells / immunological impact / macrophages / mononuclear phagocyte system / nano-bio interactions

RIGHTS & PERMISSIONS

2024 2024 The Authors. BMEMat published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of Shandong University.