A review of bio-inspired geotechnics-perspectives from geomaterials, geo-components, and drilling & excavation strategies

Abstract

As urbanization progresses, the demand for high-rise buildings and underground spaces is growing, and the need for firm geotechnical construction materials, efficient excavation methods, accurate testing instruments, and innovative geotechnical engineering theories and technologies is increasing. By investigating the phenomena of strengthening and toughening in nature, hydrophobic and ice-phobic, friction anisotropy and drilling as well as excavation, etc, researchers have found that organisms have distinctive external morphology and organization. By imitating the external morphology, structural characteristics or movement mechanism of organisms, novel ideas, new principles, and innovative theories can be provided for the innovation and sustainable development of geotechnical engineering. This paper mainly expounds on the bio-inspired application in geotechnical engineering from three perspectives: geo-materials, geotechnical components, and drilling & excavation equipment, and lists typical application cases. In conclusion, this paper presents a summary and prospects of bio-inspired geotechnical engineering, offering fundamental insights for future research.

Keywords

Bio-inspiration / Geotechnical engineering / Bio-inspired materials / Bio-inspired component / Bio-inspired equipment

Declaration of Competing Interest

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. Hanlong Liu is the editor-in-chief for Biogeotechnics and was not involved in the editorial review or the decision to publish this article.

Acknowledgments

The work described in this paper was supported by Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing (No. CSTB2022NSCQ-LZX0001), High-end Foreign Expert Introduction Program (No. G2022165004L). Special thanks also go to Prof. Ningning Zhang from RWTH Aachen University for his valuable guidance and assistance with the content and ideas of this paper. His guidance enabled the research objectives of this paper to be clearly defined and the methods to be rationally selected and applied. Throughout the research process, Prof. Ningning Zhang gave careful guidance and encouragement and provided useful suggestions and in-depth discussions on each part of the paper. We sincerely thank the above-mentioned fund and Prof. Zhang for their support and help.

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