Biodegradation: the best solution to the world problem of discarded polymers

Abstract

The widespread use of polymers has made our lives increasingly convenient by offering a more convenient and dependable material. However, the challenge of efficiently decomposing these materials has resulted in a surge of polymer waste, posing environment and health risk. Currently, landfill and incineration treatment approaches have notable shortcomings, prompting a shift towards more eco-friendly and sustainable biodegradation approaches. Biodegradation primarily relies on microorganisms, with research focusing on both solitary bacterial strain and multi-strain communities for polymer biodegradation. Furthermore, directed evolution and rational design of enzyme have significantly contributed to the polymer biodegradation process. However, previous reviews often undervaluing the role of multi-strain communities. In this review, we assess the current state of these three significant fields of research, provide practical solutions to issues with polymer biodegradation, and outline potential future directions for the subject. Ultimately, biodegradation, whether facilitated by single bacteria, multi-strain communities, or engineered enzymes, now represents the most effective method for managing waste polymers.

Keywords

Biodegradation / Polymers / Single-strain degradation / Multi-strain degradation / Enzyme engineering

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Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of Chinaarch Group Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22078011)

National Natural Science Foundation of China(21908003)

National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFC2100600)

China Petrochemical Corporation (Sinopec Group)(223260)

Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(QNTD2023-01)