Hydroxylases involved in terpenoid biosynthesis: a review

Abstract

Terpenoids are pervasive in nature and display an immense structural diversity. As the largest category of plant secondary metabolites, terpenoids have important socioeconomic value in the fields of pharmaceuticals, spices, and food manufacturing. The biosynthesis of terpenoid skeletons has made great progress, but the subsequent modifications of the terpenoid framework are poorly understood, especially for the functionalization of inert carbon skeleton usually catalyzed by hydroxylases. Hydroxylase is a class of enzymes that plays an important role in the modification of terpenoid backbone. This review article outlines the research progress in the identification, molecular modification, and functional expression of this class of enzymes in the past decade, which are profitable for the discovery, engineering, and application of more hydroxylases involved in the plant secondary metabolism.

Keywords

Biooxidation / Cytochrome P450 monooxygenase / Hydroxylase / Natural products / Terpenoids

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Funding

National Nature Science Foundation of China(21922804)

National Key Research and Development Program of China(2019YFA09005000)

Fundamental Research Funds for Central Universities of the Central South University(22221818014)

Program of Shanghai Academic Research Leader(21XD1400800)