Effect of chitooligosaccharides with a specific degree of polymerization on multiple targets in T2DM mice

Abstract

Chitooligosaccharides (COS) are found naturally in the ocean and present a variety of physiological activities, of which hypoglycemic action has attracted considerable research attention. This study aimed to assess the therapeutic effect of COS on mice suffering from type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). COS effectively reduced blood glucose and blood lipid levels and improved glucose tolerance. Furthermore, COS revealed strong inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase, reducing postprandial blood glucose levels. Molecular docking data showed that COS might interact with surrounding amino acids to form a complex and decrease α-glucosidase activity. Additionally, COS enhanced insulin signal transduction and glycogen synthesis while restricting gluconeogenesis in the liver and muscles, reducing insulin resistance (IR) as a result. Moreover, COS effectively protected and restored islet cell function to increase insulin secretion. These results indicated that COS exhibited a significant hypoglycemic effect with multi-target participation. Therefore, COS may serve as a new preventive or therapeutic drug for diabetes to alleviate metabolic syndrome.

Keywords

Chitooligosaccharides / Diabetes mellitus / Insulin resistance / Hypoglycemic effect

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Funding

National Key R&D Program of China(2019YFD0901805)

National Natural Science Foundation for Young Scientists of China(31801668)

State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering(ZDXM2019)

the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(22221818014)

111 Project(B18022)