Solid-state production of cellulase by Melanoporia sp. CCT 7736: a new strain isolated from coconut shell (Cocos nucifera L.)

Abstract

Background

The use of residues in industrial processing is expanding due to their low cost and abundant availability. Coconut shell is generated in large amounts in tropical areas due to the fruit processing and the coconut water consumption. In the present work, a new microbial strain was isolated from the coconut shell powder, molecularly identified as Melanoporia sp. CCT 7736 and applied for cellulase production in solid-state fermentation using the green coconut shell powder as substrate.

Results

The complete production process was optimized. Fermentation time was only 24 h, and the enzyme produced presented maximal activity at neutral pH (6.5) and 60 °C. The maximal enzyme activity after extraction optimization was 7.5 IU/gds (international units of enzyme activity per gram of dry solid). For the enzyme extraction, the rotation velocity, the extraction time, the temperature, and the solvent volume (buffer) were optimized using response surface methodology (RSM). The best results for the enzyme extraction were obtained at 250 rpm (orbital shaker) at 30 °C using 13.79 mL of a sodium acetate buffer (200 mM) at pH 6.5 after 10 min. Delignification pretreatment was not necessary since this fungus strain was able to degrade the lignin.

Conclusions

To the best of our knowledge, this work is the first report of cellulase production by Melanoporia sp. CCT 7736. Good results were obtained without the need for expensive pretreatment usually applied to lignocellulosic residues because the strain was isolated from coconut shell powder, and it is well adapted to this kind of substrate. The enzyme presented maximum activity at neutral pH instead of acidic pH as reported for the majority of industrial cellulases. The use of lignified coconut shell and the optimal pH at neutral values are the main advantages of the enzyme produced by Melanoporia sp. CCT 7736. In addition, the enzyme showed good stability during storage even at the crude broth and without any cryoprotection.

Keywords

Coconut green shell powder / Cellulase / Melanoporia sp. CCT 7736

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Funding

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (BR)

Fundação Cearense de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (BR)

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (BR)