Longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis associated with scrub typhus: A case report

Abstract

Rationale: Longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis (LETM) is a rare inflammatory demyelinating disease predominantly associated with autoimmune and inflammatory disorders. Scrub typhus can cause a variety of neurological complications, which may result in poor recovery and long-term disability. This report reveals a rare linkage between LETM and scrub typhus.

Patient concerns: A 24-year-old female presented with a history of fever for 10 days associated with progressive quadriparesis. Physical examination revealed bilateral lower limb weakness (grade 0/5) and bilateral upper limb weakness (grade 2/5) with reduced sensation below the T3 dermatome.

Diagnosis: Scrub typhus presenting with longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis.

Interventions: Steroid pulse therapy with antibiotics supported by early intensive rehabilitation.

Outcomes: Complete recovery was achieved.

Lessons: This case report highlights the importance of considering scrub typhus as a potential cause of LETM in endemic regions, particularly in patients presenting with febrile illness and neurological symptoms.

Keywords

Longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis / Scrub typhus / Case report

References

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