Rosa moschata ameliorates haloperidol-induced Parkinson's disease via reduction of neurodegeneration and oxidative stress

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the effect of Rosa moschata (R. moschata) extract on haloperidol-induced Parkinson’s disease (PD) in rats.

Methods: Haloperidol (1 mg/kg) was given to rats intraperitoneally for 3 weeks for induction of PD. R. moschata extract (150, 300 and 600 mg/kg) was administered orally for 21 days. The neuroprotective role of R. moschata leaf extract in PD was explored by performing neurobehavioral tests and RT-PCR analysis and measuring neurotransmitters and oxidative stress biomarkers.

Results: An improvement in motor functions and muscle strength was observed in PD rats treated with R. moschata extract. The levels of dopamine, serotonin, noradrenaline, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione, and superoxide dismutase were significantly increased (P < 0.001), whereas acetylcholinesterase and malondialdehyde levels were markedly decreased by treatment with R. moschata extract (P < 0.001). The extract also markedly downregulated the mRNA expressions of IL-1β, α-synuclein, IL-1α, and TNF-α in brain tissue. Moreover, histopathological analysis indicated that neurofibrillary tangles and plaques were noticeably decreased in a dose-dependent manner in PD rats treated with R. moschata extract.

Conclusions: R. moschata extract alleviates haloperidol-induced PD in rats by reducing oxidative stress and neurodegeneration. It may be used for management and treatment of PD. However, additional studies are required to confirm its efficacy and molecular mechanisms.

Keywords

Parkinson’s disease / Rosa moschata / Neurotransmitter / α-Synuclein / Haloperidol / Neurodegeneration

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.

Acknowledgments

Authors gratefully acknowledge the Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University Researchers Supporting Project number (PNURSP2025R73), Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Authors extend their appreciation to researchers supporting project number (RSPD2025R885) at King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia for supporting this research.

Funding

This work was supported by the Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University Researchers Supporting Project number (PNURSP2025R73), Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, and researchers supporting project number (RSPD2025R885) at King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia.

Data availability statement

The data supporting the findings of this study are available from the corresponding authors upon request.

Authors’ contributions

BA, MAS, and US supervised the study. BA, IA, AA, MF, ZC and NA did the experimental work. IA, AA, TSA, FAJ, WSA analyzed and interpreted the data results. All authors had equal contribution to drafting and revising the manuscript.

Publisher’s note

The Publisher of the Journal remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

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