L-carvone attenuates myocardial injury and dyslipidemia in rats with isoproterenol-induced cardiac hypertrophy

Abstract

Objective: To explore the therapeutic efficacy of L-carvone from Mentha spicata L. leaf extracts against isoproterenol-induced cardiac hypertrophy in rats. Methods: Isoproterenol (5 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally into rats for one month to induce cardiac hypertrophy. L-carvone (25 and 100 mg/kg) was administered orally to treat cardiac hypertrophy. The cardioprotective activity of L-carvone was evaluated by electrocardiogram, histopathological analysis as well as determination of biochemical parameters and enzymatic markers. Results: L-carvone from Mentha spicata L. at 25 and 100 mg/kg ameliorated isoproterenol-induced cardiac hypertrophy, as evidenced by reduced QRS interval on electrocardiogram, and decreased heart weight and heart index. In addition, both doses of L-carvone markedly lowered the levels of glucose, total protein, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase, lactate dehydrogenase, creatine kinase MB, troponin-Ⅰ, N-terminal pro-B type natriuretic peptide and triglycerides while increasing high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and lipase level (P<0.05). Moreover, L-carvone alleviated contraction band necrosis, and reorganized the myofibrils with normal striations and myocytes as well as normal nuclei in cardiac histoarchitecture of rats with isoproterenol-induced cardiac hypertrophy. Conclusions: L-carvone from Mentha spicata L. leaf extract can restore abnormal cardiac function and may be further explored as a therapeutic agent against the deleterious effects of cardiac hypertrophy after further evaluation.

Keywords

Cardiac hypertrophy / L-carvone / Dyslipidemia / Myocardial injury / Isoproterenol / Mentha spicata

Acknowledgments

We acknowledge the PSG Institute of Medical Sciences and Research and PSG Institutional Animal Ethics Committee, Coimbatore, India, and the Committee for the Purpose of Control and Supervision of Experiments on Animals, Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment, Government of India for providing animal ethical clearance. We express gratitude to the services rendered by Ponmani & Co Pvt. Ltd., Coimbatore for the supply of isoproterenol from Sigma-Aldrich, USA. We also want to thank Arkray Healthcare Pvt Ltd., India for providing us with the kits and Prakash Diagnostic Laboratory and Histotech services, Bangalore for the histopathological slides.

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.

Funding

The authors received no extramural funding for the study.

Authors’ contributions

VAD contributed to conceptional design. AN performed the data collection and analysis and drafted the article. Interpretation, critical revision and final approval of the manuscript was done by VAD.

Publisher’s note

The Publisher of the Journal remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

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