Engineering of ovarian tissue for ovarian dysfunctions: A review

Abstract

This review explores tissue engineering as a potential solution for reproductive health issues in women caused by genetic or acquired diseases, such as premature ovarian failure or oophorectomy. The loss of ovarian function can lead to infertility, osteoporosis, and cardiovascular disease. Hormone replacement therapy is a common treatment, but it has limitations and risks. The review focuses on two main approaches in tissue engineering: scaffold-based (3D printing, electrospinning, decellularization) and scaffold-free (stem cell transplantation, organoid cultivation). Both approaches show promise in preclinical studies for creating functional ovarian tissue. Challenges include vascularization, innervation, long-term function, and safety. Despite these challenges, tissue engineering offers a potential avenue for restoring fertility and hormone balance in women with ovarian dysfunction.

Keywords

Female gonads / Tissue engineering / Estrogen / Reproductive system

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interest to disclose.

Funding

The study receives no extramural funding.

Authors' contributions

The main frame of the guidelines is written by Dr Aliya Zhylkybekova; the introduction was written by Dr Myltykbay S. Rysmakhanov; Bibliometric sections were written by Nadiar Maratovich Mussin and revised by Asset Askerovich Kaliyev; Tissue engineering section was written by Dr Aliya Zhylkybekova, Dr Mahdi Mahdipour, Dr Nurgul Abdullayevna Abenova, and Gulbakit K. Koshmaganbetova. Editing, framing, referencing and logistics were done by Amin Tamadon.

Publisher's Note

The Publisher of the Journal remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

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