Thrombosis is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity in patients suffering from polycythemia vera (PV). Drug pair Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Danshen, DS) and Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma (Sanqi, SQ) is common traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) used in clinical practice to promote blood circulation and eliminate blood stasis. In this study, network pharmacology and molecular docking were used to analyze the potentially active ingredients and underlying mechanisms of drug pair DS-SQ against thrombosis after PV. These results show that 54 targets are related to both disease and the drug pair. Nineteen core targets, including IL-6 and AKT1, were screened. Luteolin and tanshinone IIa from DS as well as quercetin from SQ might be the major substances in the treatment of thrombosis after PV. KEGG enrichment analysis demonstrated that the lipid and atherosclerosis signaling pathway might play a significant role. These results provide valuable insights and a reference for the use of drug pair DS-SQ in management of thrombosis after PV and lay a foundation for further exploration of pharmacological effects.

Metabonomics, a key aspect of systems biology, offers novel approaches for early diagnosis, pharmacotherapy, and health management in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). This paper summarizes its applications in establishing TCM quality standards, exploring material basis, clarifying mechanism, and assessing toxicity. By profiling TCM and its metabolites, metabonomics comprehensively captures chemical traits, enhancing quality evaluation precision. It also tracks metabolic dynamics to understand TCM’s absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, thereby facilitating the identification of active components and their underlying mechanisms. In toxicity assessment, metabonomics uncovers hepatic and renal toxicity while elucidating potential mechanisms. In summary, metabonomics fosters TCM modernization and globalization, serving as a pivotal tool for advancing research and development.

The protection system for traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) varieties, as an important policy tool to promote the development of TCM, has a long history of over 30 years, from the promulgation of the “Regulations on the Protection of Traditional Chinese Medicine Varieties” in 1992 to the comprehensive revision of the draft for soliciting opinions in 2022. The TCM protection system evolves to meet the needs of innovative development of TCM. This paper reviews the policy developments in TCM varieties protection, collates protection data (1993 to 2024), and analyzes enterprises application strategies amid impending regulatory changes.

Tuberculosis, an infectious disease, causes considerable morbidity and mortality. Within the host immune system, transition metals play vital roles in combating Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), acting as catalytic cofactors, mediating electron transport, and catalyzing antimicrobial radical formation. Both the host and MTB have developed mechanisms to maintain metal homeostasis. Flavonoids, important herbal materials with potent iron-chelating ability, have gained attention for their antitubercular and anti-inflammatory effects, making them a promising treatment option. This review explores how trace metals restrict MTB and the dynamic balance between pathogen and host, revealing innovative perspectives for therapeutic interventions.