Advances in plant-derived vesicle like nanoparticles-based therapies for inflammatory diseases

Abstract

Dysregulated inflammatory reactions can result in detrimental effects to the body, thereby causing various diseases. Traditional treatments relying on anti-inflammatory drugs or nanoformulations often undermine the body's physiological immune functions or potentially exhibit biotoxicity. Extracellular vesicles, which contain a diverse array of anti-inflammatory substances and possess nanomedicine transport properties, are emerging as highly promising candidates for next-generation drug delivery systems and active biological agents. Plant-derived vesicle-like nanoparticles (PDVLNs) are nanostructured particles isolated from plants. Given their wide availability and low immunogenicity, PDVLNs are considered to hold great potential in the treatment of inflammatory diseases (IDs). In this review, we introduce the principle, design consideration and treatment mechanism associated with PDVLNs in treating various IDs. Specifically, the natural ingredients carried by PDVLNs not only help eliminate danger signals such as reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species, but also hinder the initiation of inflammatory responses through various mechanisms. Moreover, engineered PDVLNs nanotechnology has been successfully employed in the treatment of IDs. Finally, the review discusses the current opportunities and challenges in this field and provides insights for the future clinical applications of PDVLNs in treating IDs.

Keywords

Plant-derived vesicle-like nanoparticles / Inflammatory diseases / Nano-drug delivery / Design principle / Therapy strategy

Conflicts of interest

The authors report no conflicts of interest. The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of this article.

Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China [grant numbers 82204939, 82104701]; the Youth Project of Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province [grant number 2208085QH268]; the Excellent Youth Fund Project of Anhui Provincial Department of Education (grant numbers 2023AH030069); the Key Project of Anhui Province Department of Education [grant numbers 2024AH051051]; Anhui University Collaborative Innovation Project [grant number GXXT-2022-061]; and Anhui University of Chinese Medicine Foundation [grant numbers 2022rcZD001, 2022rcZD004].

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